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Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) interact with the Earth’s atmosphere to produce energetic neutrons and cosmogenic radionuclides, such as 14C. The atmosphere is partially shielded from the interstellar GCR spectrum by both the geomagnetic and solar magnetic fields. Solar shielding is often expressed as the heliospheric modulation potential ϕ, which consolidates information about the strength and struct
Quantification of in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectra (1H-MRS) still commonly involves evaluation of exclusively the real part of acquired spectral signals, but ignoring the information contained in the imaginary component may limit precise identification of individual metabolite contributions. Here, we assess quantification precision relative to SNR and noise correlation for both real and c
Although Sweden is a top country for gender equality, there are disparities in domestic labor and parental leave use between men and women. The COVID-19 pandemic changed work-home life by increasing remote work. This study explored eight fathers’ work-family experiences in Sweden before, during and since the COVID-19 pandemic using interviews. Three group themes were developed using InterpretativeAlthough Sweden is a top country for gender equality, there are disparities in domestic labor and parental leave use between men and women. The COVID-19 pandemic changed work-home life by increasing remote work. This study explored eight fathers’ work-family experiences in Sweden before, during and since the COVID-19 pandemic using interviews. Three group themes were developed using Interpretative
Groundwater is Earth’s largest liquid freshwater resource. It is a significant component of the hydrological cycle and a buffer that sustainsrivers and freshwater-dependent ecosystems during droughts. Approximately half of the world’s population depends on groundwater fordrinking water, food, and hygiene. It is used extensively in agricultural irrigation, food production and for industrial process
ObjectivesIndividuals who die by suicide often consult their general practitioners (GPs) in their final weeks of life. The aim of this study was to gain a deeper knowledge of the clinical characteristics and GP assessments and treatments among individuals who consulted their GPs during the month preceding suicide. Further, we compared these features in those with and without contact with psychiatr
Starch in Food: Structure, Function and Applications, Third Edition is now fully updated with eleven new chapters covering "hot" areas for starch applications, such as starch-based pickering emulsifiers, starch for structuring gluten-free bread products, and starch microspheres for encapsulation of probiotic bacteria. Sections illustrate how plant starch can be analyzed and modified, including cha
Starch, a vital food ingredient from diverse sources, possesses a complex molecular structure with amylopectin and amylose polymers. The polymers vary greatly in size, molar mass, and branching, often displaying very polydisperse size distributions and considerable among ultra-high molar mass polymers. This renders the analysis and characterization of starch polymers a challenging task. This chapt
Starch which has been modified with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) is an efficient emulsifier for food emulsions. The presence of the OSA groups renders the starch polymers surface active and allows for their adsorption at the oil-water interface. Due to the large size of the starch polymers, adsorbed starch offers efficient steric stabilization of emulsions. Stability is achieved also at low pH
We demonstrate detection and measurement of electron paramagnetic spin resonances (EPR) of iron defects in β-Ga2O3 utilizing generalized ellipsometry at frequencies between 110 and 170 GHz. The experiments are performed on an Fe-doped single crystal in a free-beam configuration in reflection at 45∘ and magnetic fields between 3 and 7 T. In contrast with low-field, low-frequency EPR measurements, w
A team of clinical researchers at Lund University found that electromagnetic radiation, such as that used in GSM-900 mobile telephones, at low non-thermal power values (<2 W/kg), causes users' blood albumin to leak through the blood-brain barrier "BBB" into in the brain tissue. The neurosurgeons: Leif Salford MD, PhD, professor emeritus, Henrietta Nittby MD, PhD,Neuropathologist: Arne Brun MD, PhD
Since the pandemic, field work has been transformed by shifts in the political economy affecting the material conditions underpinning research. In this research note, a research team considers their challenges and learning in completing field studies conducted in 2022, including intensified strains on time, money, researchers’ bodies, and risks associated with illness and infection spread. We argu
Aim: Anthropogenic-driven biodiversity loss can impact ecosystem stability. However, most studies have only evaluated the diversity–stability relationship at the local scale and we do not fully understand which factors stabilize animal populations and communities across scales. Here, we investigate the role of species dispersal ability, climate, spatial distance and different facets of biodiversit
Oestrogen receptor alpha (ER; gene symbol ESR1) is the most important prognostic and treatment-predictive biomarker in breast cancer. Drugs targeting oestrogen and ER for endocrine therapy of breast cancer include aromatase inhibitors, the selective ER modulator tamoxifen and the selective ER degrader fulvestrant. Tumours can develop resistance to endocrine therapy through several mechanisms, whic
