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In the present study a phase field model for high surface energy anisotropy is developed to model the morphologies of voids in UO2. In order to precisely account for the high anisotropy, an alternative forward-backward strategy based on a staggered grid with an averaged interface normal scheme is used in the numerical procedure. A variety of equilibrium void shapes are reproduced with respect to a
Bumble bee abundance in agricultural landscapes is known to decrease with increasing distance from seminatural grasslands, but whether the pollination of bumble-bee-pollinated wild plants shows a similar pattern is less well known. In addition, the relative effects of landscape composition (landscape heterogeneity) and landscape configuration (distance from seminatural grassland) on wild plant pol
Background: The forests of north-west Amazonia are characterised by the highest levels of tree diversity in the world, high rainfall and relatively fertile soils. Aims: Here we present a comprehensive description of the carbon cycle of two 1 ha forests plots in Allpahuayo, near Iquitos, Peru, one on an occasionally inundated alisol/gleysol landscape, the other on an arenosol (sandy soil). Methods:
Background To clarify the role of genetic and environmental factors in criminal behavior (CB), we examined all CB and violent and non-violent subtypes (VCB and NVCB, respectively) in a Swedish national sample of adoptees and their relatives. Method CB was defined by a conviction in the Swedish Crime Register with standard definitions for VCB and NVCB subtypes. We examined adoptees born 1950-1991 (
The robust Capon beamformer has been shown to alleviate the problem of signal cancellation resulting from steering vector errors, caused, e.g., by calibration and/or angle- of-arrival errors, which would otherwise seriously deteriorate the performance of an adaptive beamformer. Here, we examine robust Capon beamforming of multi-dimensional arrays, where robustness to angle-of-arrival errors is nee
Editorial to issue co-edited by the authors
Despite the vast importance of ticks as disease vectors, the infectious agents transmitted by ticks are still incompletely known in many areas. Here, we report for the first time the detection of the bacterium 'Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis' in Romania, in an Ixodes ricinus tick obtained from a human. Furthermore, the tick also had a co-infection with Borrelia afzelii. 'Candidatus Neoehrlichi
Objective. Costimulatory receptor CD226 plays an important role in T cell activation, differentiation, and cytotoxicity. This study was undertaken to investigate the genetic association of CD226 with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to assess the functional implications of this association. Methods. Twelve tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CD226 were typed in 1,
Given a point and an expanding map on the unit interval, we consider the set of points for which the forward orbit under this map is bounded away from the given point. It is well-known that in many cases such sets have full Hausdorff dimension. We prove that such sets have a large intersection property, i.e. countable intersections of such sets also have full Hausdorff dimension. This result appli
We present observations of the emission of XUV continua in the 20-37-eV region by high-harmonic generation with 4-7-fs pulses focused onto a Kr gas jet. The underlying mechanism relies on coherent control of the relative delays and phases between individually generated attosecond pulses, achievable by adjusting the chirp of the driving pulses and the interaction geometry. Under adequate negative c
Background: Two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have investigated the efficacy of IV alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) augmentation therapy on emphysema progression using CT densitometry. Methods: Data from these similar trials, a 2-center Danish-Dutch study (n = 54) and the 3-center EXAcerbations and CT scan as Lung Endpoints (EXACTLE) study (n = 65), were pooled to increase the stati
OBJECTIVE: The outcomes, in terms of quality of life and satisfaction with rehabilitation, of the 16-week Redesigning Daily Occupations (ReDO) programme as a work rehabilitation method for women with stress-related disorders was evaluated. It was hypothesised that, compared to women who got Care as Usual (CAU), the ReDO group would improve their quality of life and self-mastery more, and that thos
The perennial herbs Silene vulgaris and S. uniflora are closely related, partially sympatric and interfertile, yet morphologically distinct. We used nuclear (allozyme) and plastid (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) DNA markers to investigate whether these species have a shared history of postglacial colonization and hybridization in Europe, as inferred from large-
An extensive variety of THAP1 sequence variants have been associated with focal, segmental and generalized dystonia with age of onset ranging from 3 to over 60 years. In previous work, we screened 1114 subjects with mainly adult-onset primary dystonia (Neurology 2010; 74:229-238) and identified 6 missense mutations in THAP1. For this report, we screened 750 additional subjects for mutations in cod
Thrips (Thysanoptera) are tiny insects that produce anal secretions whenthreatened. Several studies have shown that, depending on the species,the droplets may contain alarm pheromones and/or repellents againstenemies. In the eusocial gall-inducing thrips Kladothrips intermedius bothlarvae and adults produce such droplets. There are two castes of adults inthis species, soldiers (the sub-fertile and
Six-membered cyclic carbonates with hydroxyl and/or alkoxycarbonyloxy groups, as potential monomers for polyurethanes and polycarbonates, were prepared by the reaction between trimethylolpropane (TMP) with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) or diethylcarbonate (DEC) mediated by immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B, NovozymR (R) 435 in a solvent-free medium. The dialkyl carbonate served as a solvent for t
It has been suggested that plants are able to increase radiative heat dissipation from their leaves by depositing near-surface silica, in this way increasing emissivity of infrared radiation and lowering leaf temperature. In order to test this theory, we have compared emissivity and radiative dissipation over the mid-infrared range 2.5–22.3 lm of leaves of plants that accumulate silica and plants
Micro or even nano-scale solid particles are applied in porous structures in different energy systems, such as fuel cells, for the objectives to enhance the catalytic reaction activities and improve the fuel utilization efficiency or/and reduce the pollutants. In addition to the charge transport and reactions, heat transfer processes in fuel cell porous electrodes are strongly affected by the smal
In order to increase the understanding of how students assimilate the knowledge they need to carry out their professional duties, knowledge about the experience of the nursing education in the light of the first year of employment is important. The aim of this study was to describe nurses' views of their education, one year after their graduation. Interviews with eight nurses, aged 24 to 40 years,
