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The emergence of antibiotic resistance necessitates effective strategies for evaluating antimicrobial agents. Bioluminescent bacteria, either naturally occurring or engineered with modified reporter genes like bacterial luciferase, provide real-time assessment of bacterial viability through light emission. We investigated the antibacterial effects of cefotaxime and doxycycline using bioluminescent
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma both involve inflammation and structural changes in the peripheral airways that are not detectable with current standard tools such as spirometry. Accurate and sensitive assessment of lung function is crucial for early diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and guiding appropriate treatment.The overall aim of this thesis was to investigat
BackgroundAirway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), a key feature of asthma, leads to airway narrowing in response to bronchoconstrictor stimuli. Notably, AHR is also observed in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The Mannitol challenge test is an indirect method to assess airway hyperresponsiveness.ObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to explore airway hyperresponsivenes
After the clinical implementation of amyloid-β-targeting therapies for people with cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is an urgent need to efficiently identify this patient population in primary care. Therefore, we created a brief and self-administered digital cognitive test battery (BioCog). Based on its sub-scores, a logistic regression model was developed in a secondary
The polar lipids in oat grains are crucial due to their biological functions, nutritional quality, potential use in food flavour and processing, the protection they provide against biotic and abiotic stresses, and their ability to act as cellular signalling molecules. In this study, we present novel findings about the impacts of fertilization and field management on oat polar lipid and fatty acid
Objectives:To determine the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) under three consecutive in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatments in women with endometriosis and/or adenomyosis.Methods:A prospective cohort study of 1035 women aged 25–≤39 years undergoing up to three consecutive IVF treatments between January 2019 and April 2024. All women underwent an advanced transvaginal ultrasound examination prior
STUDY QUESTIONDoes endometriosis and/or adenomyosis, diagnosed using the International Deep Endometriosis Analysis (IDEA) group and the Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) group revised definitions, impact cumulative live birth rates (CLBR) after three consecutive IVF or ICSI treatments?SUMMARY ANSWERWomen with endometriosis and/or adenomyosis, as diagnosed using transvaginal ultras
The urgency of addressing the harms of AI chatbots was underscored in the recent US Senate Judiciary Committee hearing, “Examining the Harm of AI Chatbots.” During the hearing, parents of children recounted the harrowing stories of AI chatbot-influenced mental health emergencies, including self-harm and death, harms that were never inevitable. Instead, they were predictable consequences of a lax r
BACKGROUND: While patients with post-COVID syndrome (PCS) suffer from cognitive deficits few studies directly compare patients with PCS to subjects recovered after an infection with the 'Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)'.OBJECTIVES: To investigate cognitive performance adjusting for age, increasing body-mass-index (BMI), smoking, years of education, gender and hospitali
PurposeBlood culture collection with all bottles filled from a single venipuncture (single-sampling strategy, SSS) is increasingly used. More data on the effects of SSS on blood culture contamination is needed. After combined implementation of SSS and initial specimen diversion (ISDT) in our region, we evaluated the proportion of sampling events with at least four bottles, with growth of relevant
BACKGROUND: In May 2023, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 no longer a public health emergency. Despite successful vaccination campaigns, vaccines provide limited protection against transmission. Since general testing has been abandoned in most countries, alternative population surveillance methods to assess SARS-CoV-2 exposure are needed.METHODS: N-antigen is a protein of the SARS-C
Individuals with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) face an increased risk for severe COVID-19. This study from Sweden, a country that only had a few mandatory restrictions at the onset of the pandemic, used 10 nationwide registers to compare the risks for severe COVID-19 outcomes of polymerase chain reaction-verified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections through
BACKGROUND: There is limited data regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccine uptake in people with HIV (PWH) compared to people without HIV (PWoH).METHODS: Swedish nationwide study of individuals born 1930-2003, assessing SARS-CoV-2 vaccine uptake of 1-5 doses by HIV-status from first SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (2020-12-27) until 2023-02-23. PWH were categorized by prioritization: clinically vulnerable (CD4+ T-cell
Objectives: To examine the effects of thiopurine exposure during pregnancy on intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pregnancies using nationwide data from Swedish healthcare registers. Methods: This register-based cohort study included all singleton pregnancies with prevalent SLE or IBD in Sweden, 2007-2022. Exposure
Background Obesity is increasing among patients with inflammatory bowel disease, but bariatric surgery has been rare in this group owing to concerns about worsening the inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate inflammatory bowel disease-related outcomes following bariatric surgery. Methods Nationwide cohort of all adult patients in Sweden between 2007 and 2020 with obesity
Att säkerställa tillräcklig bärighet för cykelvägar är nödvändigt för att undvika skador. Då de är tunna och smala konstruktioner är de väldigt känsliga för kantskador från passager av tunga fordon. Två viktiga faktorer som påverkar den här skadetypen är bristen på kantstöd och ett ökat fuktinnehåll i de obundna konstruktionslagren. Tre instrumenterade fullskaliga cykelvägskonstruktioner med olikaAssuring sufficient structural stability of cycle paths is important toavoid distress. Being thin and narrow structures, they are highly susceptibleto edge cracking by passings of heavy vehicles. Two importantfactors that affect distress are lack of lateral support at the edgeand increased moisture content in the unbound granular materials.Three full-scale instrumented cycle path structures with d
In early December 2024, South Korea faced a political shock: then-President Yoon Suk-yeol declared martial law late one night—only to lift it just six hours later, following mass protests and a parliamentary backlash. Within a week, he was impeached, and now he and his wife are in prison.
Background: India's agriculture and food sector is the backbone of the nation, sustaining a large portion of the population and contributing to global exports. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) generate the bulk of the world's food despite lacking adequate technological infrastructure and operational standards. This study identifies and evaluates the main blockchain challenges affecting fo
