A large-scale purification method was developed for producing paclitaxel, to guarantee high purity and yield from plant cell cultures. The complete method for mass production was a simple and efficient procedure, for the isolation and purification of paclitaxel from the biomass of Taxus chinensis, consisting of solvent extraction, synthetic adsorbent treatment, and two steps of precipitation, foll

The development of replacing human organs with those from genetically modified pigs holds immense potential for alleviating the shortage of organs necessary for patients in need of transplants. This medical advancement is also accompanied by significant social changes, including the emergence of a bioeconomy, new modes of biotechnology governance, altered human-animal relations and increased publi

Positioning Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (PEFCs) in the market depends on substantial advances that start from a deep knowledge concerning the influence of operating parameters, such as temperature-sweep and high-current density. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis of the impedance behavior of a single PEFC via Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was carried out in order to u

The purification of crude (60.89% pure) paclitaxel was developed for high purity and yield. Several solvent systems, including methanol (MeOH), acetone, tetrahydrofurane, n-hexane, and water, were evaluated for precipitation efficiency. The best results were obtained using a mixture of MeOH and water, which was very effective at removing polar impurities, yielding a precipitate with 90.87% purity.

Saccharide–fatty acid esters, important biobased and biodegradable emulsifiers in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, were produced with high yields and productivity via immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase-catalyzed esterification in solvent-free systems at 65 °C. Preliminary experiments demonstrated high rates of reaction occurred in the presence of acetone near or above its boiling point, du

Aim: To explore the impact of age on the discriminative ability of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) 2 in prediction of unanticipated Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) and mortality within 24 hours of Rapid Response Team (RRT) review. Furthermore, to investigate 30- and 90-day mortality, and the discriminative ability of NEWS 2 in prediction of long-term

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent pregnancy complication that seriously endangers maternal and infant health, posing a medical and economic burden worldwide. Several dietary patterns have been recommended for women of childbearing age, demonstrating a positive role in preventing and managing GDM. However, these dietary patterns may not fully take environmental factors into account

Background: While the energy system is recognized as the largest contributor to climate disruption, the bulk of the sustainability-oriented interventions are made through technologies rather than employment equity and social justice issues. Emergent research points to the critical role of increasing the number of women and other minoritized groups in the energy sector, which could have a cultural,

The upper esophageal sphincter (UES), also known as the pharyngoesophageal segment (PES), is a 4-cm segment of the digestive tract that separates the esophagus from the pharynx and larynx. This narrative review represents an overview of the anatomy and physiology of this critical component of the airway protective mechanism. The structure is bounded anteriorly by the larynx, posterolaterally by th

Brain ischemia is a major cause of neurological dysfunction and mortality worldwide. It occurs not only acutely, such as in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but also in chronic conditions like cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). Any other conditions resulting in brain hypoperfusion can also lead to ischemia. Ischemic events can cause blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and, ultimately, white matter

BackgroundImpact of rectal tumour location on risk of lymph node metastases (LNM) and recurrence in early RC is poorly studied and elusive. Tumour location as a prognostic factor may contribute to optimise management of early RC in the future. The aim of this study was to investigate rectal tumour location as an independent predictor of oncologic outcome in early rectal cancer (RC).MethodsRetrospeBACKGROUND: Impact of rectal tumour location on risk of lymph node metastases (LNM) and recurrence in early RC is poorly studied and elusive. Tumour location as a prognostic factor may contribute to optimise management of early RC in the future. The aim of this study was to investigate rectal tumour location as an independent predictor of oncologic outcome in early rectal cancer (RC).METHODS: Retr

Background Dyspnoea is one of the emergency department’s (ED) most common and deadly chief complaints, but frequently misdiagnosed and mistreated. We aimed to design a diagnostic decision support which classifies dyspnoeic ED visits into acute heart failure (AHF), exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (eCOPD), pneumonia and “other diagnoses” by using deep learning and complete, uns

The selection of pharmaceutical polymorphisms in the final production step is very important in terms of product recovery, properties, and storage. The amorphous, dihydrated crystalline, and anhydrous crystalline forms of paclitaxel were prepared using precipitation, spray drying, and colloid formation methods. These methods were found to be highly efficient and convenient, giving high recovery, s

The stability of drug is a critical factor in quality control, drug efficacy, safety, storage, and production conditions. The rearrangement of paclitaxel, which involves opening of the oxetane ring and migration of acetyl group occurred on heating a powder of purified paclitaxel. Subsequently, the unusual migration of benzoyl groups progressed rapidly in organic solvents. These rearrangement deriv

The taxane derivatives 13-dehydroxybaccatin III (13-DHB III) and 10-deacetylpaclitaxel (10-DAP) can be used as semi-synthetic precursors of paclitaxel. These precursors were isolated in a simple and economical procedure during purification of paclitaxel from plant cell culture extracts. No additional costs for cell culture or extraction by silica-gel low-pressure chromatography were incurred. Prec

A novel isolation and purification method was developed for producing 1,3-propanediol with high purity and high yield from the mixture containing 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol, glycerol, and glucose. The developed method, which consisted of phase separation and chromatography, was found to be a simple and efficient procedure for the isolation and purification of 1,3-propanediol from the other c

The use of three-dimensional printing (3DP) for rapid prototyping and manufacturing has brought new insights for component production following customized and complex geometrical designs. Due to its excellent mechanical strength, flexibility and potential biocompatibility, polyurethane (PU) has been developed for fabricating convoluted biomedical devices by 3DP. Such a manufacturing technic offers

Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are a heterogenous group of immune cells composed by dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (Mϕ), which are critical for orchestrating immunity against cancer or infections. Several strategies have been explored to generate APC subsets, including enrichment from peripheral blood and differentiation from pluripotent or multipotent cells. During development, the genera