Background: Different molecular subtypes of breast cancer have been identified based on gene expression profiling. Treatment suggestions based on an approximation of these subtypes by immunohistochemical criteria have been published by the St Gallen international expert consensus panel. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) can be classified into the same molecular subtypes. Our aim was to study the rel

Genome-wide association studies have recently identified at least 15 susceptibility loci for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To confirm additional risk loci, we selected SNPs from 2,466 regions that showed nominal evidence of association to SLE (P < 0.05) in a genome-wide study and genotyped them in an independent sample of 1,963 cases and 4,329 controls. This replication effort identified fiv

Use of utilities, such as steam and cooling water, is very common at industrial sites. Utilities are often shared between several production areas, and a disturbance in the supply of a utility is therefore likely to affect a large part of the production site, and cause great loss of revenue. In order to minimize the loss of revenue due to disturbances in utilities, the optimal supply of utilities

Popular Abstract in Swedish Belysning står för en femtedel av den globala elanvändningen. I Sverige motsvarar efterfrågan på energi för belysning i kontorsbyggnader 20% av den totala elanvändningen. Utbyte av gamla belysningsanläggningar anses vara bland de mest kostnadseffektiva sätten att minska energianvändningen i byggnader. I synnerhet utlovar användningen av avancerade ljusstyrningssystem enLighting accounts for one-fifth of global electricity use. In Sweden, energy demand for lighting corresponds to 20% of the total electricity use in office buildings. Lighting retrofit measures are considered to be among the most cost-efficient way to reduce energy use in buildings. In particular, the use of advanced lighting control systems promises energy savings of between 2 and 60%, but system

The accuracy, precision and limitations of the imaging technique named Structured Laser Illumination Planar Imaging (SLIPI) have been investigated. SLIPI, which allows multiply scattered light to be diminished, has previously demonstrated improvements in image quality and contrast for spray imaging. In the current study the method is applied to a controlled confined environment consisting of a mix

Despite various criticisms, Ian Barbour's fourfold classification of the possible relationships between religion and science remains influential. I compare Barbour's taxonomy with the theories of four authors who, in the last four decades, have addressed the relationship between science and religion from a Muslim perspective. The aim of my analysis is twofold. First, I offer a comparative perspect

Based on an empirical analysis of a yearlong netnography of a Swedish online fashion community, and the explication of the concept of modern cynicism, this paper develops a novel perspective on consumer morality. The analysis suggests that modern cynicism informs consumers of the reasonableness in consciously stating one type of morality while acting out another, in order to handle the morally con

A new approach for photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of NADH is described, based on a graphite electrode (G) modified with a new phenothiazine derivative, polyphenothiazine formaldehyde (PPF). Electrochemical measurements reveal that G/PPF presents a quasireversible voltammetric response, corresponding to a 2e(-)/2H(+) transfer and that G/PPF modified electrodes show electrocatalytic activity for NA

The 1990s was the era of human rights awareness, democratic transitions, and growing involvement of international organizations and the nongovernmental sector in human rights education (HRE). The UN Decade for HRE from 1995-2004 was not only born out of the initiatives and pressures of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) but it also actively triggered many new private initiatives and commitments

The aim of the present study is to establish under which conditions tRNA associate with phospholipid bilayers, and to explore how this interaction influence the lipid bilayer. For this purpose we have studied association of tRNA or DNA of different size and degree of base pairing with a set of model membrane systems with varying charge density, composed of zwitterionic phosphatidylcholines (PC) in

Background: Previous studies of the association between gestational age or birth weight and allergic rhinitis in later life have had various limitations, including the inability to estimate risk among subjects born extremely preterm or to examine specific contributions of gestational age and fetal growth. Objective: We sought to determine whether gestational age at birth independent of fetal growt

Autoignition of hydrogen in air was studied in a turbulent flow reactor using OH*-chemiluminescence. High-speed imaging was used to visualise the formation of auto-ignition kernels in the flow, and to analyse the conditions under which temporary stabilisation of the flame kernels occurred. The experiments were carried out at temperatures of 800-850 K, pressures of 0.8-1.2 MPa and an equivalence ra

OBJECTIVE-To develop a model for the prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk on the basis of a multivariate logistic model and 1-h plasma glucose concentration (1-h PG). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-The model was developed in a cohort of 1,562 non-diabetic subjects from the San Antonio Heart Study (SAHS) and validated in 2,395 nondiabetic subjects in the Botnia Study. A risk score on the

Understanding the responses of tundra systems to global change has global implications. Most tundra regions lack sustained environmental monitoring and one of the only ways to document multi-decadal change is to resample historic research sites. The International Polar Year (IPY) provided a unique opportunity for such research through the Back to the Future (BTF) project (IPY project #512). This a

The influence of hydrogen exposures on monolayer graphene grown on the silicon terminated SiC(0 0 0 1) surface is investigated using photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) and micro low-energy electron diffraction (mu-LEED). Exposures to ionized hydrogen are shown to have a pronounced effect on the carbon buffer (interface) layer. Exposures to atomic hydrogen are s

Popular Abstract in Swedish Pankreascancer, cancer i bukspottkörteln, är den fjärde vanligaste orsaken till död i cancer och årligen insjuknar cirka 1000 patienter i Sverige. Överlevnaden är kort med en 5-årsöverlevnad på endast 6 procent. Pankreascancer orsakar, förutom lidande, också betydande kostnader för såväl den medicinska vården, som förluster för samhället, exempelvis i form av förtida döBackground: Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Only about 6% of patients are alive 5 years after diagnosis. One reason for this low survival rate is that most patients are diagnosed at a late stage, when the tumor has spread to surrounding tissues or distant organs. Less than 20% of cases are diagnosed at an early stage that allows them to undergo potentially cu

Some of the new unique features of the MOLCAS quantum chemistry package version 7 are presented inthis report. In particular, the Cholesky decomposition method applied to some quantum chemical methods is described. This approach is used both in the context of a straight forward approximation of the two-electron integrals and in the generation of so-called auxiliary basis sets. The article describe