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Frågan om hur prioriteringar bör göras inom sjukvården har under de senaste decennierna blivit allt mer diskuterad, både internationellt och i Sverige. År 1995 publicerades i Sverige en offentlig utredning med titeln "Vårdens svåra val" som behandlar dessa frågor. I utredningen presenterades följande tre etiska principer som en grund för prioriteringar: människovärdighetsprincipen, behovs- eller s

The application of amperometric biosensor- and chemiluminiscence based methods for rapid detection of viable E. coli in water has been investigated. An amplification of the amperometric signal by a factor of 4 was obtained when the cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) biosensor was used instead of a plain graphite electrode for detection of b-galactosidase (b-GAL) activity at 22.5 degrees C. A linear co

Tulasnein (1), a new metabolite with strong antimicrobial and weaker cytotoxic and phytotoxic activity, was isolated from culture filtrates of three strains of the xylariaceous coprophilous fungus Podosordaria tulasnei. The producing strains were identified by their rhizomorphs and by ITS rDNA sequence analysis. A second new metabolite, podospirone (2), was also produced by all three strains where

Reductions of total and LDL-cholesterol and, to a lesser extent, increase in HDL are known to decrease cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence. All oral estrogens are known to induce such changes in a dose-dependent manner at doses commonly used in ERT, somewhat more markedly for estradiol than for conjugated equine estrogens (CEE). Low-dose estriol used for urogenital discomfort is void of lipid e

Background. The pentad of thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, mild renal dysfunction, neurologic signs, and fever, classically characterizes the syndrome of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). TTP usually occurs in adults as an acquired form but a congenital form in children has also been described. In the latter case, the initial presentation is often with neonatal jaundice and thrombocyto

Aims To calculate the population-attributable risk (PAR) of coronary events (CE) from 10 risk factors, during long-term follow-up. Methods We used both case-cohort and case-control analyses for calculation of PAR in relation to 10 baseline risk factors. First CE (fatal or nonfatal, n = 3072) in 22 444 males and 10 902 females was recorded during a mean follow-up of 20 years by use of national regi

In the beginning of the 1990s, the Tunisian Ministry of Agriculture launched an ambitious program for constructing small hillside reservoirs in the northern and-central region of the country. At present, more than 720 reservoirs have been created. They consist of small compacted earth dams supplied with a, horizontal overflow weir. Due to lack of hydrological data and the area's extreme floods, ho

To better handle situations where additional resources are available to carry out a task, many problems from the manufacturing industry involve dividing a task into a number of smaller tasks, while optimizing a specific objective function. In this paper we consider the problem of partitioning a given set S of n points in the plane into k subsets, S-1,...,S-k, such that max(1less than or equal toil

MnAs has been grown by means of MBE on the GaN(000 (1) over bar)-(1x1) surface. Two options of initiating the crystal growth were applied: (a) a regular MBE procedure (manganese and arsenic were delivered simultaneously) and (b) subsequent deposition of manganese and arsenic layers. It was shown that spontaneous formation of MnAs dots with the surface density of 1x10(11) cm(-2) and 2.5x10(11) cm(-

Popular AbstractI avhandlingen presenteras en undersökning av första linjens chefer i tre organisationer inom den offentliga sektorn. Den första är en verkstad inom Samhall, där arbetsledarna på verkstadsgolvet står i fokus. I den andra organisationen - hemtjänsten i en kommun- belyses hemtjänstassistenternas arbetsledning. Den tredje och sista organisationen är en klinik, s k basenhet, på ett lasThis doctoral dissertation concerns supervisors, i.e. first line mangers, in three different organizations within the public sector - a Samhall sheltered employment workshop, a municipality home-help service and a hospital clinic. The focus of my dissertation is the intermediate position of the supervisors and the strategies they use to manage their jobs in such a position. What all supervisors ha

Bone resorption associated with prosthetic loosening can be reduced by giving bisphosphonates since they bind to bone surfaces and inactivate osteoclasts when bisphosphonate-containing bone is resorbed. During loosening, an increase in osteoclastic activity can be triggered by mechanical instability, fluid pressure or wear particles. We used a rat model in which a titanium surface can be made to s

Inclusive J/psi production in photon-photon collisions has been observed at LEP II beam energies. A clear signal from the reaction gammagamma --> J/psi + X is seen. The number of observed N(J/psi --> mu(+)mu(-)) events is 36+/-7 for an integrated luminosity of 617 pb(-1), yielding a cross-section of sigma(J/psi + X) = 45+/-9(stat) +/- 17(syst) pb. Based on a study of the event shapes of different

Popular Abstract in SwedishDenna avhandling presenterar ett grafiskt programmeringsspråk och dess användning vid styrning av satsvisa processer.Arbetet i avhandlingen kan delas upp i två delar:- utveckling av ett grafiskt programmeringspråk ämnat för implementering av styrsystem för sekventiella processer. Detta språk har fått namnet Grafchart.- uppvisa hur recept-baserad styrning av satsvisa procIn this thesis a graphical language for sequential control is presented and its application to batch control is examined and discussed. The name of the language is Grafchart. Its main feature is that it makes it possible to express complicated control problems in a compact and intuitive manner.Grafchart exists in two versions; a basic version and a high-level version. The basic version was availab