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Circular business models are typically designed with the intent to meet customer demands, while resolving environmental issues related to resource usage, product lifetimes and waste reduction. Yet, rebound effects might hinder their positive impacts. Through a systematic literature review of 76 articles, the rebound effects of different circular business model archetypes and suggestions for their
Generative AI writing assistants and the Large Language Models (LLMs) that power them are increasingly part of how voters gather information before elections. With growing evidence that they influence users’ opinions, it is increasingly important to understand the views and positions of these tools. To better understand these views, we examine the stances supplied by six LLMs on a variety of SwediGenerative AI writing assistants and the Large Language Models (LLMs) that power them are increasingly part of how voters gather information before elections. With growing evidence that they influence users’ opinions, it is increasingly important to understand the views and positions of these tools. To better understand these views, we examine the stances supplied by six LLMs on a variety of Swedi
A Cable-Driven Parallel Robot (CDPR) is a robot driven by a set of cables and has advantages such as large workspace and low inertia. Scholars have proposed to apply Aerial Mobile Bases (AMBs) and Ground Mobile Bases (GMBs) to a CDPR to achieve a large workspace and fully constrain the moving platform. However, trajectory tracking and obstacle avoidance for CDPR-AGMBs remain open and challenging p
A unified treatment of different types of reasoning with concepts, such as category-based induction, nonmonotonic reasoning, analogies, and generics. Psychologists and philosophers have worked on topics such as category-based induction, nonmonotonic reasoning, analogies, and generics, but these problems have largely been investigated independently. In Reasoning with Concepts, Peter Gärdenfors and
During early embryonic development, the human neural tube is formed and patterned through spatial regionalization of cell identity, driven by gene regulatory responses to morphogen gradients. However, many of the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we integrate single-cell RNA sequencing data from in vitro emulation of neural tube patterning to develop computational models of rostral-cauda
Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to describe physical fitness in a large real-world cohort of patients entering exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (EBCR) after first-time myocardial infarction (MI). The secondary aim was to compare the results with clinical reference values. Methods: This registry-based cohort study used data from the Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development
Objectives To compare beta-lactam monotherapy versus clindamycin or addition of metronidazole in patients with peritonsillar abscess (PTA). Methods This population-based, retrospective cohort study compared treatment with beta-lactam monotherapy (reference) with clindamycin or addition of metronidazole in patients with PTA during 2013–2020 in the Skåne region, Sweden. The primary outcome was a com
Background: Adjunctive corticosteroid therapy appears to be beneficial for adults with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), but data on Mycoplasma pneumoniae CAP are limited. This study aimed to evaluate if adjunctive betamethasone reduced time to resolution of hypoxaemia in adults hospitalised with M. pneumoniae CAP. Methods: An open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial was cond
Genetic variants in the DNA polymerase enzymes POLE and POLD1 can affect protein function by altering stability, catalysis, DNA binding, and interactions with other biomolecules. Understanding the structural basis of these variants is important for a comprehensive interpretation of variant impact. In this study, we used MAVISp, a modular structure-based framework, and molecular dynamics simulation
Penile prosthesis implantation (PPI) is an effective treatment for refractory erectile dysfunction (ED), but changes in penile length after surgery remain a major determinant of patient satisfaction. We aimed to identify patient- and surgery-related factors associated with final penile length, measured as total implanted device length. We analysed prospectively collected data from the PHOENIX regi
Community energy (CE) is increasingly discussed as a democratic alternative to centralized energy systems, yet its forms and effects vary substantially across national contexts. This article compares CE developments in Germany and Sweden, two countries with ambitious climate agendas but contrasting energy-governance arrangements. The paper examines how institutional frameworks, political cultures,
Objective Large population-based studies that could identify risk factors associated with sepsis mortality are scarce, but could be helpful in clinical risk assessments. With this study, the authors aimed to examine possible risk factors for sepsis mortality. Methods The authors conducted an open nationwide cohort study, including 157,143 individuals aged ≥ 18-years diagnosed with (first event) se
Background: Pain is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is often associated to fluctuations. Objective: The OpiCapone Effect on motor fluctuations and pAiN (OCEAN) study evaluated the effect of opicapone on fluctuation-related pain when added to levodopa therapy in PD patients. Methods: Patients with PD with end-of-dose motor fluctuations and associated pain were randomized
Controlling the three-dimensional topology of single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) remains a central challenge in polymer and protein chemistry, particularly for intrinsically disordered systems lacking defined secondary structure. Here, we demonstrate that selective enzymatic intramolecular cross-linking can encode topologically biased interactions in an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP), yiel
This study introduces a novel contrast modality in neutron imaging, enabling the visualization of plastically deformed zones within ARMCO® iron. Utilizing differences in transmitted neutron intensity, we exploit variations in Bragg diffraction strength between deformed and non-deformed areas. Our findings reveal that deformed regions exhibit stronger diffraction due to extensive sub-grain division
Ever since the introduction of the concept of affordance, a debate has continued about how this concept captures the diversity of action possibilities triggered by our environment. One facet of this debate concerns the individual specificity, hence societal diversity, regarding how affordance changes as life changes, such as when we get older. Affordance, or action possibility actualized in the mo
BACKGROUND: High body mass index (BMI) accounts for approximately 7% of total mortality in Sweden and represents a major global public health challenge. In recent years, new anti-obesity medications (AOMs) have been introduced; however, knowledge about how primary care physicians (PCPs) perceive these medications in clinical practice is limited. Understanding PCPs' perspectives is essential as the
Breast density impacts cancer detection by masking tumors within fibroglandular tissue and there are disparities in screening outcomes across racial groups. However, it remains unclear whether these differences reflect inherent tissue characteristics or systemic bias. To isolate the effect of breast density on lesion detectability across racial subgroups, we conducted a retrospective case-control
Background The absolute and relative risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remains largely unexplored. We conducted a nationwide cohort study to explore this. Objectives To calculate risk of developing VTE among MASLD. Methods This nationwide, population-based matched cohort study in Sweden included all individuals
The Ora Banda structure in Western Australia is situated within an Archean greenstone terrane known for orogenic gold deposits. It is defined by concentric gravity anomalies up to 4 km in diameter, and gravity and passive seismic data indicate the presence of a central uplift and annular trough. Shatter cones were found in surface samples and drill core during gold exploration. Breccia samples fro
