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Terrestrial ecosystem models (TEMs) contain the coupling of many biogeochemical processes with a large number of parameters involved. In many cases those parameters are highly uncertain. In order to reduce those uncertainties, parameter estimation methods can be applied, which allow the model to be constrained against observations. We compare the performance and results of two such parameter estim

We show that polarized few-electron concentric double quantum rings display localized states that are the quantum analog of classical equilibrium ones. These states have very similar energies but fairly different angular momenta, constituting a new physical realization of the isomeric states found in nuclear and molecular physics. Their fingerprint is a very soft mode in the infrared-absorption sp

Artikel om varför AT borde skrotas.An article on why the mandatory medical training after medical education should be scraped.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vid genterapi för man in nya gener i en individs celler. Detta kan göras med hjälp av modifierade virus. Dessa virus kan föra in den nya genen, den såkallade transgenen, in i värdcellen men inte bilda nya viruspartiklar. I många fall är det viktigt att begränsa i vilka celler som transgenen uttrycks, då det producerade proteinet kan ge bieffekter i andra celltyper. Det Gene therapy is a promising therapeutic tool for many diseases of the CNS. Lentiviral vectors are particularly attractive since this vector type can transduce both dividing and non-dividing cells, have a relatively large cloning capacity, can sustain long-term transgene expression and have low immunogenicity. The specificity of the vector is however important to avoid potential off-target effects

Context. Understanding the history and the evolution of the Milky Way is one of the main goals of modern astrophysics. In particular, the formation of the Galactic disc is a key problem of Galactic archaeology. Aims. We study the velocity dispersion behaviour of Galactic disc stars as a function of the [Mg/Fe] ratio, which for small metallicity bins can be used as a proxy of relative age. This key

Critics suggest that Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) may not generate improvements in well-being for participating stakeholders, and may in fact undermine indigenous rights. To ensure positive social benefits from REDD+ projects, the United Nations REDD Programme has proposed core safeguards, including local stakeholder participation; free, prior, and informed

The dynamics of charge qubits coupled to a nanomechanical resonator under the influence of both a phonon bath in contact with the resonator and irreversible decay of the qubits is considered. The focus of our analysis is devoted to multi-particle entanglement and the effects arising from the coupling to the reservoir. Even in the presence of the reservoirs, the inherent entanglement is found to be

Untreated celiac disease is traditionally believed to be associated with malabsorption and underweight. However, studies describing body mass index (BMI) in individuals at the time of diagnosis have shown contradictory results. We investigated the differences in weight, height, and BMI in 12- year-old children with screening-detected celiac disease compared to their healthy peers.

Ethnographically inspired methods have in recent years been successfully applied in Information Science (IS) research on different forms of social media related practices (c.f. Sundin & Francke 2009a; 2009b, Kjellberg 2010). This paper aims to contribute to an emerging discussion on the use of this methodological approach for analysing and comprehending consequences of the 2.0-turn in public l

Popular Abstract in English Over thirty years of experience shows that energy efficiency is the easiest, fastest, and cheapest strategy to reduce today’s rampant energy use. To enhance energy efficiency, governmental intervention and business strategies are needed. The question of which governmental policies are the most effective to support energy efficiency remains unanswered. Policy learning anExperience shows that energy efficiency improvements are the most cost-effective path to meeting global energy challenges. To promote energy efficiency, various policy instruments have been in place since the 1970s. Nevertheless, energy efficiency improvements still lag behind their potential in the building sector, which indicates that there is a lack of knowledge about the performance of policie

Background: Cold sensitivity is a common and disabling complaint following hand injuries. The main purpose of this study was to describe self-reported consequences of cold sensitivity and the association with disability and health-related quality of life in patients with hand injuries or hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) and in normal subjects. Methods: Responses to the Cold Intolerance Symptom S

Fires are complex and it is hard to derive relationships from theory in fire science. Full-scale and small-scale experiments have been used with great success in order to increase the understanding of fire chemistry and fire dynamics. An alternative or complement to these often expensive and resource demanding traditional experiments are numerical experiments. In this paper, numerical experiment

The PHENIX experiment has measured the production of pi(0)s in Au + Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV. The new data offer a fourfold increase in recorded luminosity, providing higher precision and a larger reach in transverse momentum, p(T), to 20 GeV/c. The production ratio of eta/pi(0) is 0.46 +/- 0.01(stat) +/- 0.05(syst), constant with p(T) and collision centrality. The observed ratio is co

Objectives. Studies have suggested a correlation between untreated celiac disease and risk for other autoimmune diseases. We investigated the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in 12-year-old children (i) with symptomatic celiac disease diagnosed and treated with a gluten-free diet, (ii) with screening-detected untreated celiac disease, and (iii) without celiac disease. Methods. Blood samples from

Streptococcus pyogenes of the M1 serotype is frequently associated with severe streptococcal infections. Acute lung injury is recognized as a key component in the pathophysiology of streptococcal M1 proteininduced inflammation. Numerous reports have demonstrated that excessive infiltration of neutrophils is a rate-limiting step in septic lung damage. We observed that targeting neutrophil functions

By tradition the humanities have been anthropocentrically focused on the lives of human beings in arts and literature. The limited analysis of what other species do in literature – and of the different relations between humans and animals that are represented – has sustained the notion of a hierachical divide between humans and other species, thereby reducing the ethical potential of literature to

Structural and magnetic properties of GaAs thin films with embedded nanoclusters were investigated as a function of the annealing temperature and Mn content. Surprisingly, the presence of two kinds of nanoclusters with different structure was detected in most of the samples independently of the thermal processing or Mn content. This proved that the presence of a given type of clusters cannot be as