Sökresultat

Background: Predicting future Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related cognitive decline among individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an important task for healthcare. Structural brain imaging as measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could potentially contribute when making such predictions. It is unclear if the predictive performance of MRI can be

The aim of the study presented in this report was to investigate what cues cyclists use to interpret the intention of motor vehicles (MVs) they interact with. This was done with help of on-site observations of cyclists’ interactions with motor vehicles (MV) at signalised intersections with different bicycle infrastructure facilities: A) no dedicated cycle facility, B) cycle lane and C) cycle path.The aim of the study presented in this report was to investigate what cues cyclists use to interpret the intention of motor vehicles (MVs) they interact with. This was done with help of on-site observations of cyclists’ interactions with motor vehicles (MV) at signalised intersections with different bicycle infrastructure facilities: A) no dedicated cycle facility, B) cycle lane and C) cycle path.

Background: Dietary advice remains the cornerstone of prevention and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, understanding the efficacy of dietary interventions is confounded by the challenges inherent in assessing free living diet. Here we profiled dietary metabolites to investigate glycaemic deterioration and cardiometabolic risk in people at risk of or living with T2D. Methods: We analyse

Background: More than 70 million magnetic resonance (MR) examinations are produced every year. Patients and personnel are exposed to electromagnetic fields at levels that exceed those normally found in our surroundings or in industry. Three types of electromagnetic field exposure must be considered in regard to MR safety: the strong force of the static magnetic field, the time-varying gradient mag

Decreasing CO2 emissions in the building sector by improving energy efficiency isan essential part of the goal to reduce global CO2 emissions, as the sector accountedfor nearly 40 percent of the energy-related CO2 emissions in 2017.There are six main parameters that affect a building's energy use. These areoutdoor climate, building envelope properties, building services and energysystems, operatio

Importance: There is an urgent need for inexpensive and minimally invasive blood biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) that could be used to detect early disease changes. Objective: To assess how early in the course of AD plasma levels of tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 (P-tau217) start to change compared with levels of established cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PE

Accurate precipitation data are crucial for hydrological modelling and rainwater runoff management. Precipitation variability exists through a wide range of spatial and temporal scales and cannot be captured well using sparse rain gauge networks. This limitation is further emphasised for urban and mountainous catchments, especially under global warming, causing an increased frequency of extreme ev

Växtätare kan påverka ekosystemprocesser, dels genom långsiktiga förändringar av växtsamhällets sammansättning, men också på kortare sikt genom derasmatspjälkning av organiskt material som cyklas genom markens nedbryderorganismer och tillbaka till de primära producenterna. Särskilt störreväxtätare har studerats i stor utsträckning, men i vissa ekosystem som skogar kan de mindre ryggradslösa växtätHerbivory can influence ecosystem processes, partly through long-term changes of the plant community compositions, but also more rapidly through the herbivores’ digestive alteration of the organic matter that is cycled through the soil and back to the primary producers. In the Subarctic mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) forest (SMBF) in Northern Fennoscandia, outbreaks by the geo

Background Genetic determinants of stroke, the leading neurological cause of death and disability, are poorly understood and have seldom been explored in the general population. Our aim was to identify additional loci for stroke by doing a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies. Methods For the discovery sample, we did a genome-wide analysis of common genetic variants associated with inc

The chemical industry is primarily dependent on fossil oil and gas as raw materials. With increasing demands on reducing the greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint attributed to fossil based production, the industry looks for alternative renewable cleaner resources to secure the supplies for future chemical and material products. The current trend in the shift to bio-based economy aims at u

Clay brick masonry façades are widely used because of their extended durability and aesthetic appeal. They also offer good protection against wind-driven rain (WDR), one of the most common moisture sources in Northern Europe. In clay brick masonry, WDR is associated with elevated water content and the possibility of water penetration, which may negatively impact the hygrothermal performance of bui

AIMS: Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), a mucin produced by serosal cells in response to mechanical and inflammatory stimuli, has emerged as an important biomarker to guide risk stratification in heart failure (HF). The prognostic value of CA125 in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients is less explored.METHODS: In a cohort of 524 ACS patients (73% males, mean age 67 ± 12 years), we assessed the a

IMPORTANCE An accurate prognosis is especially pertinent in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), when individuals experience considerable uncertainty about future progression. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic value of tau positron emission tomography (PET) to predict clinical progression from MCI to dementia. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This was a multicenter cohort study with external valid

The normal-like molecular subtype of breast cancer has not been well characterized and is currently not included in the clinically approved PAM50 molecular subtype classification. Tumors classified as normallike display high expression of basal epithelial genes and low expression of luminal epithelial genes, but also high expression of genes expressed by non-epithelial cell types including adipocy

Background: With a trend toward de-escalation of axillary surgery in breast cancer, prediction models incorporating imaging modalities can help reassess the need for surgical axillary staging. Although mammography is routinely performed for breast cancer imaging, its potential in nodal staging remains underutilized. This study aims to employ advancements in deep learning (DL) to comprehensively ev

This report presents the assessment of a six-week online course offered by BeChange, which was given from April to June in 2022. Through a total of five online sessions, an interactive learning platform, diverse practices and individual coaching, the course aimed to support participants in reducing their CO2 emissions, increase their climate engagement, and at the same time enhance their wellbeing

Arctic and subarctic areas have experienced a rapid warming and substantial increases in precipitation in recent decades. The frequency and intensity of some extreme events, such as fires, winter warming events, extreme rainfall, and droughts, has also increased. These climatic changes and other anthropogenic factors have caused profound changes in arctic and subarctic ecosystems with important im

Firefighters are occupationally exposed to a large number of toxic compounds (IARC 2010). The occupational exposure of firefighters has been classified as potentially carcinogenic (class 2B, IARC; (Straif K. et al. 2007)). Poorly quantified emission factors and low understanding of when various aerosol emissions are likely to form during a fire event (initiation, combustion, extinguishing) inhibit