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Metabolomics is a rapidly growing research field. It aims for quantification of all the metabolites in a biological sample such as plasma, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid or cells. Because the metabolite levels in a biological sample are the end result of the regulatory processes in cells, metabolomics is a very powerful approach for characterisation of phenotypes. Metabolomics has been used to find d

During the prolonged course of chronic viral infection there is a continuous reciprocal interaction between the host immune defence system and the viral immunogens, and viral genetic mutations capable of circumventing host immune defence could be selected for. Our observation of increasing prevalence of heterogeneity in the DNA sequence coding for the ‘a1 determinant of HBsAg in patients with pres

It is the aim of this thesis to contribute to a research-based understanding of researchers’ use of blogs as a part of scholarly communication. The following research questions guide the investigation: (1) How are scholarly blogs constructed and used as sociotechnical systems in scholarly communication? (2) Which roles do scholarly blogs play in relation to other forms of scholarly communicati

This investigation comprises five studies of factors determining adults' interpretations of a picture (Threat), drawn to represent sexual abuse of a child. The sexes of the two persons in the picture were on purpose drawn ambiguously. In Study I, the Threat picture was interpreted by 515 undergraduates in three experiments, all resulting in the same four interpretation categories, and similar freq

Increasing food production is a key step towards attaining food security in Cameroon. For the last half century, increase in production has been achieved by bringing more land under cultivation. In consequence of competition for land between agriculture and other uses that particular route to increasing production to meet the country’s growing demand is now limited. The alternative is to increase

This thesis is an archaeological study of a small region in northern Latium and the diachronical relationship between a nucleated settlement and its rural landscape. The work has a twofold basis: a review of earlier research concerning the settlement Luni sul Mignone in the light of more recent research, and a survey conducted by the present author of the territory of Luni. This survey and its res

We have found that a set of group A streptococcal strains, primarily associated with skin infections, express surface-associated M proteins that bind plasminogen and plasmin with high affinity. The binding is mediated by a common 13 amino acid internal repeated sequence located in the NH2-terminal surface-exposed portion of these M proteins. It could be demonstrated that plasminogen, absorbed by t

In the present study, L-tryptophan (TRP)-related disturbances in the brain in experimental hepatic encephalopathy (HE) were investigated. The endogenous NMDA-receptor agonist and L-TRP metabolite quinolinic acid (QUIN) has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of HE. We were, however, unable to detect any increases in QUIN levels in rats subjected to a chronic portacaval shunt (PCS) ei

The aim of this study was to evaluate new MR techniques permitting qualitative and quantitative analysis of cardiac function and measurement of velocity and flow, and later on contrast-enhanced MR angiography, techniques largely unexplored in children with CHD. Infants with tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect were examined pre-operatively. MRI was found to be a

Wind has a profound influence on migrating birds since it inevitably will influence travel time and energy expenditure. In this thesis I investigate how migrating birds are affected by, and use winds. The studies cover the following main topics: i) the influence of wind on the decision to depart on a migratory flight, and possible energy savings by choosing to migrate in tailwinds, ii) the effect

A high energy supply and appropriate amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids is crucial for proper growth and development in neonates. The capacity for fatty acid absorption in newborns is however hampered due to an undeveloped pancreatic function combined with a low bile output. This seems in particular to limit fatty acid absorption in babies given infant formulas. Since interaction between the li

Introduction. Limited information is available concerning the general and sexual health status of European men. Aim. To investigate the age-related changes in general and sexual health in middle-aged and older men from different countries of the European Union. Methods. This is a cross-sectional multicenter survey performed on a sample of 3,369 community-dwelling men aged 40-79 years old (mean 60