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I samband med att kommersiella uppdragsavtal om juridisk rådgivning träffas är det inte ovanligt att avtalsparterna samtidigt avtalar om att begränsa rådgivarens ansvar med hjälp av en så kallad friskrivningsklausul. Syftet med användandet av sådana klausuler kan vara att kanalisera avtalets risker till den part som besitter bäst kapacitet att hantera risken. En annan anledning kan vara att man soWhen a commercial contract regarding legal services is concluded, the liability of the legal advisor is often limited by agreeing on a so-called exemption clause. The purpose of agreeing on such a clause may be to channel the risks of the agreement to the party with the best capacity to manage the risk. Alternatively, a contracting party could have an interest in using the clause simply to reduce

Kännetecknande för aktiebolagsformen är aktieägarnas avsaknad av personligt ansvar. Detta skapar även förutsättningar för en intressekonflikt mellan aktiebolagets ägare och dess borgenärer där synen på samt incitamenten till såväl investeringar som risktagande kan skilja sig åt. Kapitalskyddssystemet utgör en central del av det aktiebolagsrättsliga borgenärsskyddet och kan betraktas som lagstiftarThe limited liability company is characterised by the shareholders’ lack of personal liability. This also forms the basis of a conflict between the owners of the company and the creditors of the company, whose approaches and incentives for investments as well as risk-taking may diverge. The legal capital regime constitutets a core part of creditor protection under company law and can be considered

Självskadebeteende är ett alltmer vanligt förekommande fenomen bland unga och vård är i många fall essentiellt för att lindra problemet. Självskadebeteende kan uttrycka sig på olika vis, bland annat genom att den unge medvetet utsätter sig för riskfyllda sexuella situationer. Syftet med uppsatsen är att med rättsdogmatisk metod undersöka när självdestruktivt sex utgör en grund för vård enligt Self-harm is a growing problem in our society, especially among adolescents. The purpose of this essay is to investigate under which circumstances selfdestructive sex can be considered a reason for compulsory care according to 3 § Care of Young Persons Act, LVU. The current legal conditions will be explored as well as case law. Compulsory care is intended to provide help to young people whose

När ett avtal mellan en spökskrivare (upphovsman) och en uppdragsgivare (förvärvare) ingås angående överlåtelse av namngivningsrätt, aktualiseras en av de mer intrikata juridiska frågeställningarna som berör gränslandet mellan upphovsrätt och avtalsrätt. Vid en första anblick, med utgångspunkt i vad upphovsrättslagen stadgar, verkar det inte vara möjligt för en upphovsman att totalt överlåta sin r

Rätten till avdrag för ränteutgifter begränsas genom den generella och de riktade ränteavdragsbegränsningsreglerna, däribland undantagsregeln i 24 kap. 18 § andra stycket IL. Regeln gör undantag för avdragsrätt när ränta betalas på koncerninterna lån när sådana uppkommit uteslutande eller så gott som uteslutande för att koncernen ska erhålla en väsentlig skatteförmån. Ränteavdragsbegränsningarna sThe right to deduct interest expenses is limited by the general and targeted interest deduction limitation rules, including the “exemption rule” in Chapter 24, Paragraph 18, subparagraph 2 of the Law on income tax. This rule excludes the right to deduct interest paid on intra-group loans if such loans have been made exclusively or almost exclusively for the purpose of obtaining a substantial tax b

Aldrig före 2022 har demonstranter dömts för sabotage, trots att bestämmel-sen har funnits sedan 1948. Att straffansvar för sabotage nu dömts ut mot aktivister har väckt debatt om hur lagstiftningen egentligen ska tillämpas. Även ett konstitutionellt perspektiv aktualiseras, eftersom domstolen tillämpar strafflagstiftningen på en situation där den tilltalade utövar sin grundlagsskyd-dade demonstraPrior to 2022, protesters had never faced convictions for sabotage, despite the provision existing since 1948. The imposition of criminal liability for sabotage on activists has sparked a debate on how the legislation should be applied. A constitutional perspective is also highlighted, as the court applies criminal law to a situation where the defendant is exercising their constitutionally protect

Detta examensarbete utreder frågan om huruvida livstidsstraffet ska avskaffas eller behållas i Sverige. När det är klarlagt besvaras frågan om vad livstidsstraffet i så fall ska ersättas med. För att förstå livstidsstraffets utformning börjar uppsatsen med en genomgång av hur straffsanktionerna har utvecklats i Sverige: från medeltidens bötesstraff, genom stormaktstidens hårda kroppsbestraffningar

The purpose of this master’s thesis is to identify and discuss different ideas and methods used by public libraries in order to make the physical library space accessible and important for children and young people. The main question asked is in which different ways a user perspective is visible in children’s libraries development concerning the physical space. Case studies were chosen as method t

Studies has shown that adherence to prehospital treatment guidelines, for patients with non-traumatic chest pain is inadequate and that there is a treatment difference between genders. The aim of this study was to examine prehospital caregiver¡¯s adherence to treatment guidelines for patients with non-traumatic chest pain and compare treatment frequencies between men and women in a region in south

The purpose of this study has been to understand how brands construct female body trends through the use of marketing representations over time. It was considered of relevance to analyze these social constructions as female consumers have been portrayed as well as objectified and exploited over the years in different industries. Ultimately, the effects of these social constructions which convey s

The European Union implements the Environmental Noise Directive (END), which offers a framework for evaluating and assessing environmental noise. All EU members are required to create strategic noise maps to inform the public about noise pollution and its effects. This study followed these directives and guidelines to collect the required data and employed the NORD2000 model to simulate traffic no

Background The adverse health effects associated with long commutes provides additional evidence of the commuting paradox. Better job opportunities and higher incomes in larger local labour markets are offset by the negative consequences of longer commutes including lower levels of life satisfaction. Long commutes extend the work day and time spent commuting is time lost for health beneficial actiThe adverse health effects associated with long commutes provides additional evidence of the commuting paradox. Better job opportunities and higher incomes in larger local labour markets are offset by the negative consequences of longer commutes including lower levels of life satisfaction. Long commutes extend the work day and time spent commuting is time lost for health beneficial activities such

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder where pathophysiological changes begin decades before the onset of clinical symptoms. Analysis of brain atrophy patterns using structural MRI and multivariate data analysis are an effective tool in identifying patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) at higher risk of progression to AD dementia. Atrophy patter

Background: Despite accumulating evidence of an association between air pollution and renal disease, studies on the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and renal function are still contradictory. This study aimed to investigate this association in a large population with relatively low exposure and with improved estimation of renal function as well as renal injury biomarkers. M

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains, despite intense research, the most common cause of death world-wide. The main underlying cause of CVD is atherosclerosis, which is characterised by chronic inflammation. CVD and atherosclerosis have a complex aetiology, which necessitates research into multiple areas in order to gain insight into the pathogenesis and find novel markers that could aid in identi

Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder caused by an apparent degeneration of orexin/hypocretin neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area and a subsequent decrease in orexin/hypocretin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Narcolepsy is classified into type 1 (NT1) and type 2 (NT2). While genetic associations in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region and candidate autoantibodies have been investigated in NT1

Background: International guidelines recommend placement of intrauterine devices immediately after second-trimester medical abortion, but evidence concerning the optimal time for intrauterine device placement is lacking from clinical trials. Objective: This study aimed to investigate effectiveness, safety, and acceptability of intrauterine device placement within 48 hours, compared with placement

Background: Indoor lighting, exposure to outdoor daylight, physical activity and sleep interact to influence functioning, mood and cicadian rhythm. Older adults (≥ 65 years), who often spend more time at home, are less physically active and experience more sleep problems, could benefit from strategies to support behavioural change and self-managed modifications in the home. The study’s primary objBackgroundIndoor lighting, exposure to outdoor daylight, physical activity and sleep interact to influence functioning, mood and cicadian rhythm. Older adults (≥ 65 years), who often spend more time at home, are less physically active and experience more sleep problems, could benefit from strategies to support behavioural change and self-managed modifications in the home. The study’s primary objec