Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) potently augment insulin response to glucose. It is less known what their effects are insulin clearance, which also contributes to peripheral hyperinsulinemia observed after administration of incretins together with glucose. The aims of this study were the quantification of C-peptide secretion and the evaluation

Accessibility throughout society has been gaining interest on both international and national levels in order to meet the transportation needs of, for example, older people as pedestrians. The overall aim of this thesis is to examine the implementation process in municipal planning, and effects of measures taken, to achieve barrier-free outdoor environments the year round. Older peoples’ perceptio

Background: Mass screening for celiac disease (CD) as a public health intervention is controversial. Prior to implementation, acceptability to the targeted population should be addressed. We aimed at exploring adolescents' and parents' experiences of having the adolescents' CD detected through mass screening, and their attitudes towards possible future mass screening. Methods: All adolescents (n =

BACKGROUND: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on tumor cells is associated with poor prognosis in several malignancies, while partly contradictory and inconclusive results have been presented for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to evaluate PD-L1 as a prognostic biomarker in CRC by comparing three different antibody clones.METHODS: Patients surgically treated for CRC between Ja

Background: Epidemiological evidence on weight change and atrial fibrillation (AF) remains limited and inconsistent. Previous studies on body mass index (BMI) in youth and AF rarely considered subsequent BMI. This study aimed to assess the associations of AF with weight change and BMI in youth, as well as modified effect by genetic susceptibility of AF. Methods: The study included 21,761 individua

CONTEXT: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a cause of pain, numbness, and tingling in the hands and is an important cause of work disability. Although high prevalence rates of CTS in certain occupations have been reported, little is known about its prevalence in the general population. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of CTS in a general population. DESIGN: General health mail survey sent in Fe

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Kvävebelastningen på sjöar och hav har ökat markant de senaste tiotal åren. Jordbruket står för ca 50 % av de svenska kväveutsläppen som människan bidrar till. En ökad kvävebelastning på haven kan leda till övergödning, vilket får en stor negativ effekt på vattenekosystemen. Ett sätt att minska övergödningsproblematiken är att öka vattnets uppehållstid i landskaPolitical decisions have resulted in more focus on how to optimize wetlands natural ability to lower nitrogen fluxes in order to minimize the problem with eutrophication in costal areas. However there is no exact knowledge how to calculate the effectiveness of nitrogen removal in wetlands with natural water flow due to the many biochemical and hydrological processes that interact. In this study tw

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Den ökande växthuseffekten, med påföljande klimatförändringar, framträder alltmer som ett av vår tids största miljöproblem. På grund av människans industriella och agrikulturella aktiviteter har atmosfärskoncentrationen av de viktiga växthusgaserna koldioxid (CO2), metan (CH4) och lustgas (N2O) ökat drastiskt. Med hjälp av modeller och beräkningar förutspås det Northern peatlands are important in the context of the climate change. Since they comprise huge amounts of soil organic carbon and are found where the most significant greenhouse warming is predicted, they have the potential to exert major feedback effects on the global warming. Studies of the greenhouse gas exchange in northern peatlands have mainly focused on the growing season when the soil is

Environmental destruction is a growing problem in our world. Almost every day there are new reports concerning that we have to do something about the greenhouse gasses. Simultaneously is the human constantly more eager to have a life with higher standards and therefore uses more energy. The environment is a question that is highly up-to-date and more people try to find solutions on how to save our

Thesis purpose: The purpose of this master thesis is to investigate the expectations of roles between supplier sales representatives and retailer store personnel in relation to in-store campaigns, this in order to enhance effectiveness of these functions creating an increase in consumer response. Methodology: The researchers believe that social phenomenon and their meanings are continually being a

Abstract Title: To Cross the Line. An Examination of Cross-Boarder Cooperations Authors: Madeleine Albrektson, Karin Henriksson and Malin Sylvén Tutors: Lena Eskilsson and Ola Thufvesson Keywords: Place marketing, destination cooperation, cross-boarder cooperation, driving forces, advantages, culture, coordination Statement of purpose: Our aim is to gain a deeper understanding of how a cross-board

1. Temperate semi-natural grasslands are characterized by high levels of species diversity and have a high conservation value. Plant species diversity in grazed semi-natural grasslands is known to be influenced by management intensity and habitat connectivity. Both grazing pressure and between-patch connectivity are expected to depend on the movement patterns of livestock in the landscape. 2. The

Avhandlingens empiriska syfte är att undersöka vad som händer när globala marknadsorienterade modeller för granskning och kvalitet tas i bruk i lokala församlingar. Särskild uppmärksamhet ägnas församlingarnas diakonala arbete. Undersökningen baseras på fallstudier där ett urval av församlingar och granskningsmodeller är studieobjektet. Avhandlingen har även ett teoretiskt syfte: att i samspel medThe empirical aim of the thesis is to investigate what happens when global market-oriented models for auditing and quality assessment are taken up by local parishes. Particular attention is paid to the diaconal work of the parishes. The study is based on case studies where a number of parishes and auditing models provide the object of study. The thesis also has a theoretical aim: to test, in inter

Brown C, Hasson H, Thyselius V, Almborg A-H. Post-stroke depression and functional independence: a conundrum. Acta Neurol Scand: DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2011.01595.x. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objectives - People who suffer a stroke are at risk of developing post-stroke depression (PSD). Not only does this lower their quality of life but it also increases their risk of another stroke or d

Life expectancy is increasing in most developed countries, in part due to improved socioeconomic conditions and in part to advances in healthcare. It is widely acknowledged that the promotion of healthy ageing by delaying, minimizing or preventing disabilities or diseases is one of the most important public health objectives in this century. In contrast to the menopausal transition in females, we

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the determinants and consequences of orthostatic hypotension in the middle-aged segment of the general population. METHODS: A population of 5722 men aged 52.6 +/- 3.6 years, previously included in the Malmö Preventive Project (n = 22 444 men), was re-screened after 5.6 +/- 1.0 years and thereafter followed up over a period of 19.6 +/- 5.3 years. RESULTS: At re-screening,

Background: Currently available biomarkers for the early tissue process leading to joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis are insufficient and lack prognostic accuracy, possibly a result of variable activity of the disease over time. This study represents a novel approach to detect an altered activity of the disease process detected as increasing serum-COMP levels over a short time and whether this

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are a major burden on individuals, health systems and social care systems and rehabilitation efforts in these disorders are considerable. Self-care is often considered a cost effective treatment alternative owing to limited health care resources. But what are the expectations and attitudes in this question in the general population? The purpose of this study w