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A sports-related concussion (SRC) is most commonly sustained in contact sports, and is defined as a mild traumatic brain injury. An exercise-induced elevation of core body temperature is associated with increased brain temperature that may accelerate secondary injury processes following SRC, and exacerbate the brain injury. In a recent pilot study, acute head-neck cooling of 29 concussed ice hocke

Background: The migratory process in birds consists of alternating periods of flight and fueling. Individuals of some populations make few flights and long stopovers, while others make multiple flights between short stopovers. Shorebirds are known for executing marathon flights (jumps), but most populations studied are long distance migrants, often crossing major barriers and thus forced to make l

Background: A growing body of evidence shows that prenatal exposure to phthalates affects child development. Since many phthalates have been shown to alter endocrine signaling, they may influence reproductive development, neurodevelopment, and child behavior. Indeed, a few studies reported associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and gender-specific play behavior. However, evidence for thi

Background: The global burden of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes could be decreased by improving dietary factors, but identification of groups suitable for interventional approaches can be difficult. Reporting of dietary intake is prone to errors, and measuring of metabolites has shown promise in determining habitual dietary intake. Our aim is to create a metabolic signature that is ass

Decreased heart levels of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with a higher risk of mortality following ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. This study aimed to determine the effects of co-administration of sodium nitrite and sodium hydrosulfide (NaSH) on IR injury in the isolated heart from rats with T2D. Two-month-old male rats were divided into 5 gr

Background: The introduction of next-generation sequencing into the diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders has resulted in an increased number of newly identified RYR1 variants. The hypothesis was that there is an increased referral of patients to malignant hyperthermia units without a personal/family history of adverse anesthetic events suspected to be malignant hyperthermia. This retrospective mul

It is widely recognised that society is consuming at levels and in ways that are unsustainable. Sustainable business models, broadly defined as those that consider economic, ecological and social value, hold promise for shifting consumption patterns. By facilitating activities such as rental and reuse, including second-hand, repair, refurbishment, and upcycling, they can help to provide more susta

Parkinson’s disease (PD) and cardiovascular disease share many important risk factors, but some associations differ. However, there are no studies that have compared their shared and specific risk factors. The present study aimed to compare risk factors for PD, coronary events, or ischemic stroke. We prospectively analyzed data from 26,210 participants with lifestyle factors aged 45–73 years enrol

Kollektivtrafikplanering är en balansakt. Å ena sidan är det viktigt att satsa där det finns potential för många resor. Då krävs en koncentration av resurserna till stråk och noder med stort befolkningsunderlag. Å andra sidan är det också angeläget att skapa en rättvis fördelning av den offentliga service som utgörs av kollektivtrafiksystemet, så att även människor i mer glesbefolkade områden ges This thesis addresses the demand for more knowledge regarding regional public transport (between urban areas or to and from rural areas). More specifically, the aim is to develop a better understanding of the effects of different service planning decisions in terms of different trade-offs and their impacts on the overarching objectives of public transport provision. The studied trade-offs concern,

Background: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is known as a potent modulator of the initiation and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation (AF), hence information about ANS activity during AF may improve treatment strategy. Respiratory induced ANS variation in the f-waves of the ECG may provide such information. Objective: This paper proposes a novel approach for improved estimation of such respi

OBJECTIVE: Few studies address results from use of new technology and patient participation in hypertension management. The PERHIT Study is a multicentre randomised controlled trial with the aim to evaluate the effects of a person-centred approach using a web-based, interactive self-management system through the patient´s own mobile phone on blood-pressure and well-being. Primary aim is the degree

Impact cratering is today recognized as a fundamental geological process on all rocky bodies in the solar system. On Earth, however, processes such as plate tectonics and erosion have eradicated most craters from the geological record, or they may be buried under sediments, oceans, and vegetation. The formation of a hypervelocity impact crater involves extreme pressures and temperatures that induc

Aims: Bioactive adrenomedullin (bio-ADM) is a vascular-derived peptide hormone that has emerged as a promising biomarker for assessment of congestion in decompensated heart failure (HF). We aimed to evaluate diagnostic and prognostic performance of bio-ADM for HF in comparison to amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), with decision thresholds derived from invasive haemodynamic

Det övergripande syftet med denna licentiatavhandling är att öka kunskapen kring vad som påverkar att jobba som en brandman vars huvudsakliga sysselsättning är utanför räddningstjänsten (exempelvis frivilliga brandmän eller deltidsbrandmän) för att förstå hur utmaningar och engagemang påverkar beslutet att fortsätta vara verksam. Bibehållandet av dessa brandmän är en välkänd utmaning i många ländeThe overarching aim of this licentiate thesis is to increase knowledge about the implications of working as a non-career firefighter in order to understand how challenges and commitment affect retention. Retention of non-career firefighters (for example volunteer or part-time firefighters) is a well-known, multifaceted challenge in several countries. These non-career firefighters account for the m

Background Neighborhood deprivation has been found associated with both type 2 diabetes and lung cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the potential association between neighborhood deprivation and lung cancer incidence or mortality in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The results may identify a new risk or prognostic factor for lung cancer in this important subgroup and help deve

Background: C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a known target for promoting growth and has been implicated as a therapeutic opportunity for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to explore the effect of CNP on CVD risk using the Mendelian randomization (MR) framework. Methods: Instrumental variables mimicking the effects of pharmacological intervention on