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Background: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by isothiazolinones is a growing concern, particularly in consumer products. Octylisothiazolinone (OIT) is a potent sensitiser and commonly used as a preservative in rubbers, plastics and coatings, including those found in headphones. Despite increasing regulations on isothiazolinones in cosmetics, their presence in wearable devices remains unde

Introduction: Myocarditis is a complex cardiac disorder with multifactorial etiology, characterized by myocardial inflammation, cardiomyocyte damage, and fibrosis. Left untreated, myocarditis may lead to acute and chronic heart failure and life-threatening arrhythmias. Reliable experimental models of myocarditis are required to study the underlying pathological mechanisms of the disease and to dev

Polyamines are regulatory metabolites with key roles in transcription, translation, cell signalling and autophagy1. They are implicated in multiple neurological disorders, including stroke, epilepsy and neurodegeneration, and can regulate neuronal excitability through interactions with ion channels2. Polyamines have been linked to pain, showing altered levels in human persistent pain states and mo

Introduction: Proactive and easily accessible interventions are needed to support people with long-term health conditions who experience limitations in activities of everyday life. However, there is a lack of interventions that promote self-management skills that prevent deterioration and improve health. The internet-based programme 'Strategies for Empowering Activities in Everyday Life' (SEE) sup

Background Trauma audit filters, based on standards of care, serve as quality indicators and screening tools for patient cases to be assessed at interdisciplinary morbidity and mortality conferences. These conferences aim to identify potential opportunities for improvement in the care of trauma patients. This study aimed to determine the performance of individual audit filters in predicting opport

The rapid development of handheld technologies such as smartphones and personal digital assistants in recent years has created opportunities for the mobile workforce to take advantage of computerised information systems. To apprehend and harness the opportunities of computerised information systems implemented on handheld devices it is crucial to fully understand the user group and the handheld te

Background: The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of left ventricular systolic (LVSD) and diastolic (LVDD) dysfunction, and to test if BNP and urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) are related to LVSD, LVD and left ventricular mass (LVM) in asymptomatic type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: Presence of LVSD, LVDD and LVM, determined with echocardiography, was related to levels of BNP

Precise regulation of β-cell function is crucial for maintaining blood glucose homeostasis. Pax6 is an essential regulator of β-cell-specific factors like insulin and Glut2. Studies in the developing eye suggest that Pax6 interacts with Mitf to regulate pigment cell differentiation. Here, we show that Mitf, like Pax6, is expressed in all pancreatic endocrine cells during mouse postnatal developmen

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Replacing the energy-intensive evaporation of stillage by anaerobic digestion is one way of decreasing the energy demand of the lignocellulosic biomass to the ethanol process. The biogas can be upgraded and sold as transportation fuel, injected directly into the gas grid or be incinerated on-site for combined heat and power generation. A techno-economic evaluation of the spru

Glucose levels 2 h after an oral glucose challenge are a clinical measure of glucose tolerance used in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. We report a meta-analysis of nine genome-wide association studies (n = 15,234 nondiabetic individuals) and a follow-up of 29 independent loci (n = 6,958-30,620). We identify variants at the GIPR locus associated with 2- h glucose level (rs10423928, beta (s.e.m.)

Since 1984, 577 knee arthroplasty operations were performed in Al Razi Orthopedic hospital in Kuwait. An increase in the number of these operations occurred during the last four years and in 2007 there were almost 100 knee arthroplasty operations performed. Six out of seven operated patients were female. The mean age at operation was 67 years for male and 62 years for female patients. The vast maj

Aims: Testing insulin resistance could help improve physician assessment of patients’ risk of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes (T2D), even among normoglycemic individuals. Methods: The longitudinal study followed 16,333 normoglycemic participants in a nation-wide employer-sponsored health assessment program starting in August 2020 with a median follow-up time of 2.9 years for incident prediabetes or

This thesis presents a case study on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in hydrology using two approaches. This topic was chosen since AI is an important tool, and water is a vital resource. The first case is on leakage detection with artificial data, while the second is on precipitation prediction with real data. For leakage detection, a random forest (RF) model and an artificial neuWater is the most vital resource, yet globally, 30% is lost through leaks. By implementing artificial intelligence (AI), this thesis has developed methods to locate leaks with high precision, as well as models to improve accuracy on satellite-based precipitation data. This thesis investigates two applications of AI on real-world problems; detecting water leaks and improving precipitation data. Th

Background: Early electrocardiograph predates electronic amplification and therefore required innovative and highly sensitive instrumentation. Willem Einthoven's introduction of the string galvanometer in 1903 enabled recording of clinically useful electrocardiograms and established electrocardiography as a diagnostic method. Objectives: To describe the provenance and technical features of a uniqu

The islet β cells are the specific targets in an autoimmune process that eventually leads to the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The etiology is related to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR-DQ genetic factors that are necessary but not sufficient for disease development. The environmental etiology is related to enterovirus infection in early childhood resulting in two endotypes. In HLA DR4