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The survival rate of patients with glioma has not significantly increased in recent years despite aggressive treatment and advances in immunotherapy. The limited response to treatments is partially attributed to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, in which regulatory T cells (Treg) play a pivotal role in immunologic tolerance. In this study, we investigated the impact of complement facto
Secondary ice production (SIP) has been attributed to the generation of most ice particles observed in precipitating clouds with cloud tops warmer than 2368C, from various aircraft- and ground-based field observations across the globe. One of the known SIP mechanisms is fragmentation during collisions among ice particles. It has been studied with our theoretical formulation, which has been applied
The International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) guidelines represent a rich repository that serves as the only comprehensive set of clinical recommendations for children, adolescents, and young adults living with diabetes worldwide. This guideline serves as an update to the 2022 ISPAD consensus guideline on staging for type 1 diabetes (T1D). Key additions include an evidenc
Bacterial toxins, called superantigens, are produced by Staphylococcus aureus and are known to activate γδ T cells. γδ T cells contribute to long-lasting immunity against bacterial skin infections caused by S. aureus. γδ T cells are a distinct subgroup of T cells containing the T cell receptor (TCR) γ and δ chains. The γδ TCR harbouring the variable chains TRGV9/TRDV2 is the most common TCR in hum
Purpose: Infective endocarditis (IE) is diagnosed using the Duke criteria, which were updated in 2023. In the Duke-ISCVID 2023 criteria, Gemella was recognised as a typical IE pathogen. This study investigates the impact of this change and compares the clinical characteristics of Gemella IE to IE caused by other pathogens. Methods: Data on IE caused by Gemella species and other pathogens was retri
We have previously demonstrated that the intracellular, non-GPI anchored CD59 isoforms IRIS-1 and IRIS-2 (Isoforms Rescuing Insulin Secretion 1 and 2) are necessary for insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. While investigating their expression across human tissues, we identified IRIS-1 and IRIS-2 mRNA in the human brain, though their protein expression and function remained unclear. This stud
Brain function requires continuous energy supply. Thus, unraveling brain metabolic regulation is critical not only for our basic understanding of overall brain function, but also for the cellular basis of functional neuroimaging techniques. While it is known that brain energy metabolism is exquisitely compartmentalized between astrocytes and neurons, the metabolic and neuro-energetic basis of brai
This study explored serious mental illness (SMI) in young adult offenders imprisoned for violent or sexual crimes, estimating the effects of neurodevelopmental disorders and early-life risk factors on the development of SMI, and its prospective long-term adverse outcomes. An all-male cohort of 266 violent offenders, assessed during imprisonment when aged 18–25 years (M = 21.8, SD = 1.9), was follo
The circular economy (CE) transformative model depends on policy design and implementation in multiple socio-economic contexts. Temporal priorities based on security concerns can stimulate risk-averse circular policies that compromise achieving Sustainable Development Goal 12 for responsible consumption and production. However, the CE literature lacks empirical evidence on how these concerns affec
This paper makes use of nearly 25,000 observations representing over 95,000 paid workdays across over 300 years to investigate individual work patterns, work availability, and the changes in work seasonality over time. This sample is comprised of workers in the construction industry, and includes unskilled men and women as well as skilled building craftsmen – the industry which is often used to es
Denna avhandling undersöker (åter)uppbyggnaden av civilt försvar i Europa efter Rysslands annektering av Krim 2014. Mer specifikt analyserar den befintliga uppfattningar om civilt försvar och hur dessa formas i ett flernivåsammanhang, med fokus på samspelet mellan nationella, regionala och internationella institutioner. Genom ett diskursivt institutionellt perspektiv betonar avhandlingen den dynaThis dissertation examines the (re)emergence of civil defence in Europe in the aftermath of Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014. More specifically, it investigates the existing conceptions of civil defence and how these are shaped in a multi-level institutional context, focusing on the interplay between national, regional, and international levels. Through the lens of discursive institutionalism
Resulting from a combination of genetic and environmental factors, type 2 diabetes is highly heterogeneous in manifestation and disease progression, with the only common feature being chronic hyperglycaemia. In spite of vigorous efforts to elucidate the pathogenetic origins and natural course of the disease, there is still a lack of biomarkers and tools for prevention, disease stratification and t
BACKGROUND: Congenital Cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common prenatal infection and the main infectious cause of neurodevelopmental abnormalities in developed countries. Long-term neuropsychological outcome of cCMV infection is yet not well understood, and follow-up studies on adults screened for CMV at birth are few. The aim of this study was to investigate self-reported executive functioning
Purpose: Mental illness due to longstanding stress is increasing. It has been shown that service users with mental illness may benefit from nature-based interventions (NBI), including equine-assisted therapy, to support their health, recovery, and activity level of daily life. However, the evidence base to support this is still weak. The aim was thus to evaluate and provide knowledge of the possib
En sammanfattning av uppsatsen på maximalt 8000 tecken. This thesis is mainly dealing with the mobility of the employees within the borders of the European Union. Legislative framework from the EU is favourable and the Commission has set as one of it goals to promote the migration. Globalisation trends and contemporary business concepts need people who are mobile on the other hand. But migration n
