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Human milk contains a vast array of bioactive molecules, with nutritional and protective functions. This thesis describes the effects of a human milk protein complex, MAL, on tumour cells and bacteria. During our studies on the anti-adhesive properties of human milk we observed that a milk fraction killed tumour cells. The morphology of the cells indicated apoptotic cell death and this was verifie
Hunger and satiety are the results of complex neural events that involve several neurotransmitters and peptides. Enterostatin is an appetite-regulating peptide released in the intestine in response to fat ingestion. Enterostatin specifically decreases fat intake, but has also metabolic effects like inhibition of insulin secretion. Enterostatin has both central and gastrointestinal site of action,
Introduction: Several life-threatening intra-abdominal conditions may be treated with open abdomen (OA) therapy. Potential complications to OA treatment include damage to the exposed bowel resulting in enteric fistulas, and inability to close the abdomen afterwards resulting in large ventral hernias. Vacuum-assisted wound closure and mesh-mediated fascial traction (VAWCM) is a novel technique for
A quarter of a century has elapsed since the catastrophe at the nuclear power plant in Chernobyl. The radioactive fallout affected all the European countries and most severely the three countries of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. In the aftermath of this devastating event, the scientific knowledge on the various radiological impacts of such a large scale accident and means to remediate these impacts
Popular Abstract in English In an organism the DNA contains the entire biological information that is needed to be able to exist and function. Those segments, also known as DNA sequences are a genetic code, which is further packaged into units called genes. The entity of all genes is called genome. Today we know, that only a small proportion of genes encode for proteins, which are responsible for More than 90% of DNA does not code for proteins and for a long time these sequences were referred to as “junk DNA” due to their unknown purpose. With the advent of new technologies it is now known, that the non-coding part of the genome is of great importance for regulating gene expression and is therefore indispensable. Transposable elements comprise about 50% of the genome and co-exist as symbio
This study investigated psychosocial environment, needs, quality of life and social network for persons with severe mental illness in supported housing in the community. Eighty-three persons with severe mental illness living in three different types of housing setting accepted to participate in the interviews, which took place between December 1997 and April 2000. These settings were: inpatient se
The aims of this thesis were to investigate factors of significance for the development of acute confusional state (ACS), the confusional episodes, the lived experiences of having been confused in elderly patients admitted for emergency or elective surgery in orthopaedic care. A further aim was to investigate the nurses’ view of the ACS and the encounter with patients who developed ACS. A case stu
The autoimmune disease Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is associated with hereditary deficieny of early components from the classical pathway of complement activation, but not with deficiency of complement component C3 or of the alternative pathway components. The classical pathway is involved in elimination of pathological immune complexes from the circulation by transport via complement receptor ty
Antibodies are important protein structures in the immunological defence. Occasionally the regulation of the production of these antibodies fails and antibodies directed against self structures are produced in large scale. Antibody production can also complicate or make transfusions and transplantations impossible. Purified protein A from Staphylococcus aureus immobilised to beaded agarose can ads
Linomide is a potent immunomodulator that has been shown to inhibit autoimmunity in several animal models of autoimmune disease. We have approached the cellular and molecular mechanism of Linomide by investigating its effect on thymocyte development and its capacity to modulate the expression of activation markers on antigen presenting cells (APCs). We found that Linomide treatment of mice resulte
The rapid developments within the life science and biotechnology areas put up ever-new demands on more sophisticated techniques and methods for chemical and biological analysis to reach deeper insight into the events at molecular level. Miniaturisation of assays and systems on microchips is one way to increase throughput and advance through parallel analysis lines, multiplexing and integration. Th
Intestinal I/R is considered to be an important initiating event in several pathophysiological conditions such as trauma, bleeding, sepsis and pancreatitis, frequently leading to concomitant both single and potentially multiple organ dysfunction. The purpose of this thesis was to study mechanims underlying the development of multiple organ dysfunction, with special focus on intercellular proinflam
In this work, cloud and fog droplet formation was studied in three joint field experiments. The instrument, the droplet aerosol analyser (DAA), has also been further developed and verified as part of this work. The DAA is an instrument especially developed for studies of cloud and fog droplet formation and growth. It measures the ambient size of individual droplets and interstitial particles in a
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b) is a well-characterised growth regulatory factor, which acts on most cell types. This thesis has focused on the regulatory roles of TGF-b on normal lymphocytes. One interesting finding is that TGF-b acts both costimulatory and inhibitory on T-lymphocytes. The costimulatory effect depends on the presence of monocytes and is mediated by these cells. Furthermor
Microvascular surgery enables free tissue flaps to cover tissue defects, e.g. after trauma and malignancies. Although major improvements in techniques have been made, problems with poor tissue circulation and thrombus formation still exist. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of hemodilution on tissue blood flow and thrombus formation in an animal model. In isovolemic hemodilutio
The thesis investigated clinical, neuroimaging and prognostic features in lacunar infarction. The studies were based on a series of 100 consequtive patients with a first-ever stroke and a lacunar syndrome investigated with CT, Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI, and with respect to large vessel disease and cardioembolic sources. the patients were followed for a mean of 4 years. MRI was repeated one year after s
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