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The western fertility decline is arguably the most significant demographic change to have occurred in the past 200 years, yet its causes and processes are still shrouded in ambiguity due to a lack of individual-level longitudinal data. A growing body of research has helped improve our understanding of the decline's causes by examining the development of socioeconomic differences in fertility using

Competing Institutional Logics in Diaconal Work “Institutional logics” is a concept within the context of institutional theory. Institutions can be defined as patterns of activity rooted in material practices and symbolic systems. These institutional orders are all shaped by the history and each of them has a central logic that guides its organizing principles. The institutional logic provides

Large scale infrastructure developments means balancing of partly conflicting interests of economic growth, social cohesion, environmental impact etc. How this balancing is done when the project hits the local context is depending on the legislative framework, for instance through building permits environmental assessment. Still, there can be a big difference between the intentions of the law, and

In this licentiate thesis the implications of a deliberate use of logistics knowledge have been investigated by describing and analyzing the use of a supply chain management approach in the construction industry.
A five-step approach is used in the thesis. First, theoretical models are developed from the supply chain management literature. Two models are elaborated; One model identifying sup

This paper is about, from a North and South different perspective, how the international focus of sustainable construction issues has changed over the past ten years. It is a review from four different international and regional sustainable building conferences between 1998 and 2007. The paper is mostly based of the first author's notes from the conferences, especially from the plenary sessions an

Virtual reality carries great promise to facilitate the building process. Some examples are the communication between architects and building companies, sellers and buyers or the community planners and the general public. It is often thought that in order to utilize the possibilities of VR, for example in the above-mentioned contexts, it is necessary to use full-fledged versions of VR including fo

The aim of the thesis is to develop a model, based on well known physical and empirical formulas, to simulate the heat load on a rink of artificially frozen ice. A comparison of the results from this model and the results from other methods to determine heat load of the rink is made. The model calculates the heat load from convection, long wave radiation from the air temperature and from the sky t

To cope with flooding in cities, a combination of well working stormwater system and a resilient city is needed. As the future is uncertain, cities have to be built resilient, meaning that they can be flexible and adaptable, as it is not possible to protect the city from floods totally. Green areas in the city can provide resilience, as water can be led here e.g. during heavy rainfall. In this art

Background: The decision to admit into the hospital from the emergency department (ED) is considered to be important and challenging. The aim was to assess whether previously published results suggesting an association between hospital bed occupancy and likelihood of hospital admission from the ED can be reproduced in a different study population. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of attendanc

Individuals with cancer may be at high risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and adverse outcomes. However, evidence from large population-based studies examining whether cancer and cancer-related therapy exacerbates the risk of COVID-19 infection is still limited. Data were collected from the COVID Symptom Study smartphone application since March 29 through May 8, 2020. Among 23,266 partic

Genetic diversity in offspring is induced by meiotic recombination, which is initiated between homologs at >200 sites originating from meiotic double-strand breaks (DSBs). Of this initial pool, only 1-2 DSBs per homolog pair will be designated to form meiotic crossovers (COs), where reciprocal genetic exchange occurs between parental chromosomes. Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is known to locali