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Objective To determine the association between concentration of prostate specific antigen (PSA) at age 40-55 and subsequent risk of prostate cancer metastasis and mortality in an unscreened population to evaluate when to start screening for prostate cancer and whether rescreening could be risk stratified. Design Case-control study with 1: 3 matching nested within a highly representative population
We study school switches in which students who have already been assigned seats requestreassignment. Unlike in regular school choice, stability need not be legally binding in suchprograms, since students’ priority-based claims have already been satisfied upstream. Effi-ciency then naturally becomes the primary design objective. To quantify the potential legalefficiency gains, we compare Deferred A
Domestic outsourcing is often presented as a way to reduce unpaid work, ease work-family conflict, and promote gender equality. However, it remains unclear whether outsourcing domestic services changes how individuals divide their time between paid work, housework, childcare, and other forms of unpaid work. This paper examines the relationship between domestic outsourcing and time use
Introduction: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) may cause stress-induced transient acute cardiac dysfunction through myocardial stunning, in the form of exacerbation-triggered Takotsubo syndrome (referred to as Takotsubo stunning). Although prior studies suggest an association between AECOPD and transient cardiac dysfunction, existing evidence is limited to retro
Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease, preceded by the presence of islet autoantibodies, a preclinical state defined as islet autoimmunity. Several environmental exposures have been associated with the initiation of islet autoimmunity but the triggers remain largely unknown. Rapid growth and weight gain during childhood are some of the exposures that have been proposed to p
Methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from northern peatlands areimportant components of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) balance and are highlysensitive to climate change and permafrost degradation. This thesis investigatesspatial and temporal patterns of GHG fluxes across peatland ecosystems, with aparticular focus on the environmental controls regulating CH₄ and CO₂ exchange.Field mea
BACKGROUND: Discordance between cystatin C- and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) has been linked to adverse outcomes. A low eGFRcys/eGFRcr-ratio, conceptualized as selective glomerular hypofiltration syndrome (SGHS), has been hypothesized to reflect early metabolic kidney vulnerability, although non-glomerular filtration rate determinants may also contribute. We investi
Introduction: Timely diagnosis and treatment are essential for improving outcomes and quality of life in patients with transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis. Early multisystem manifestations are often unrecognized, leading to diagnostic delays and misdiagnosis. Large-scale, multicountry, observational studies are needed to better characterize the real-world trajectory of these patients. Methods: OverTT
Background & Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of pancreatic cancer in individuals with pathologically confirmed precursor lesions—including pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, and mucinous cystic neoplasia—and their first-degree relatives. Methods Using nationwide population-based cohort study, we included all histopathologically d
Background: Individuals with diabetes have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, infection, hospitalization, and premature mortality. However, less is known about how diabetes shapes the broader pattern of emergency department (ED) presentations, acute care use, clinical complexity, and short-term mortality in an unselected ED population. We aimed to describe ED presentation patterns and ou
BACKGROUND: Taurine has shown promise as a therapeutic agent for diabetic disorders, and circulating taurine concentration has consistently been lower in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, it is unclear whether higher habitual taurine intake or plasma taurine concentration is associated with a lower risk of developing T2D.OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations of habitual taurine int
Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterized by restrictive eating associated with weight and shape concerns, whereas avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is not. Evidence supports an association between AN and autism, and emerging data suggest a similar overlap between ARFID and autism. However, long-term data on autistic eating behaviours in these groups remain scarce. This st
In their book Barnavård till salu: förlossningshem och barnpensionat 1900-1975 (translated as‘Childcare for sale: maternity homes and children’s boarding houses 1900-1975’), Johanna Sköldand Johanna Sjöberg analyse the commercial market for childcare which existed in tandem with,at first, the philanthropic and, later, the increasingly state-subsidised childcare institutions whichwere part of Swede
The purpose of this thesis is to cast light on the residential area Rosengård in Malmö which during the years between 1965 to 1975 was part of a programme known as "Miljonprogrammet", a project which was supposed to put an end to the housing shortages. The purpose of this thesis is also to investigate the social consequences in Rosengård, which arose as a result of Miljonprogrammet. Rose
SV: I januari 2003 fick homosexuella registrerade partners rätt att prövas som adoptivföräldrar i Sverige, i enlighet med en proposition från 2001. Beslutet kom först efter en lång debatt; redan 1986 lades en proposition fram som behandlade frågan och avslog den. Denna uppsats är en studie av de argument som förkommer i propositionerna. Syftet har varit dels att beskriva och analysera de argument
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to facilitate increased understanding of immigrant's experience of the meaning of work with focus on how that meaning can change as a part of the acculturation process. Participants (n=13) from eight countries answered an open question. The responses were analysed using Meaning Construction Analysis (MCA)-Minerva and the individual's life-worl
