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The aim of this thesis was to better understand the role of antigen presenting cells (APC) in the development of diabetes in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse. We have shown that DC and Mphi that infiltrate the islets of Langerhans produce tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), a cytokine known to contribute to the pathogenesis in the early stages of diabetes development. TNF-a is produced from the ear
The hormones insulin and glucagon both play important roles in the development of diabetes.
Transition to adulthood, referring to the process of moving from childhood to adulthood, can be a complex period for youths with disabilities who might need special support transitioning into an independent life as adults. Caregivers are significant persons for the youths, which is why their own health and wellbeing is important. Therefore the overall aim of this thesis was to gain a deeper unders
To survive on a global market, small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) require affordable and competitive industrial automation for high quality flexible manufacturing. This thesis contributes to the development of robot concepts that fit the needs of SMEs. A major part of the thesis deals with the modeling of the three degree-of-freedom (DOF) Gantry-Tau parallel kinematic robot, which has the po
To evaluate vibrotactile perception at different frequencies in fingers and in foot in healthy girls and boys.
Gluco-incretin hormones increase the glucose competence of pancreatic beta-cells by incompletely characterized mechanisms.
Acquired genetic alterations, of which many are visible on the chromosome level, are believed to be necessary for tumorigenesis, and most tumors display characteristic patterns of recurrent structural and numerical aberrations. However, two of the most frequently occurring chromosome mutations in malignant and benign solid tumors, i.e., trisomy 7 and rearrangements of 12q13-15, have recently been
Abstract Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the western world, and the number one cause of disability. 85% of all strokes are ischemic. Most stroke survivors will experience recovery of function. The mechanisms behind this improvement are partly unknown, but may involve elements of both compensation and restoration. Exposure to an enriched environment (EE) that stimulates social interac
Aged subjects have a decreased tolerance to hypovolemia, which could contribute to their increased cardiovascular morbidity. One possible etiological factor might be an age-related reduction in the efficiency of the baroreceptor reflex axis. In this study lower body negative pressure (LBNP) was used as a model for hypovolemic circulatory stress, and volumetric techniques applied for the study of p
Olfactory cues play an important role in the reproduction of three pyralid moths, the Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella), the Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia kuehniella) and the almond moth (E. cautella). Both males and females of P. interpunctella are capable of multiple matings. More energy is placed into the first mating by the male, as indicated by the larger spermatophore donated by
In birds the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) organization differs both among and within orders. Galliformes often have simple arrangements with few transcribed MHC genes whilst many songbirds (Passeriformes) have a complex arrangement with many MHC genes and also presence of pseudo-genes. In this thesis I have partly characterized MHC class I in house sparrows (Passer domesticus), sequencin
The prevalence of coeliac disease (CD) was initially estimated to 1/1537. Based on serial analysis [GA and endomysial antibodies (EMA)], the prevalence was 6/1970 (0.30%). In autoimmune chronic hepatitis 5.4% and in IDDM 2.6% had CD, why regular screening for CD in these conditions seems motivated. The frequency of IgA-GA positivity was increased in alcoholic liver disease, PBC, primary sclerosin
This paper investigates the acquisition of relative clauses in the spontaneous production data of a bilingual Icelandic-English-speaking child.
The aim of this thesis was to describe eating difficulties and interventions to improve eating among elderly patients, especially those with stroke, to make comparisons between patients with dysphagia and those without (Papers I & II), those with and without assisted eating (Paper IV), and to analyse the relation between eating difficulties, nutritional status (Papers II-V), pressure ulcers (P
Since cancer continues to plague humanity there is large need for development of modalities for both diagnosis and therapy. Most of the currently available methods suffer from serious disadvantages. The treatments, e.g. ionising radiation, chemotherapy, surgery, may themselves induce malignancies or the patient may be physically impaired for a longer period of time. The work presented aims at dev
In allowing compression along the femoral shaft (uniaxial dynamization) and optional compression along the femoral neck (biaxial dynamization), the Medoff sliding plate (MSP) represents a new principle in the fixation of trochanteric hip fractures. The Twin hook with 2 apical hooks was designed as an alternative to the lag screw. In 3 prospective consecutive case series and 1 prospective randomize
