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Abstract Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) has strong and direct lipid-lowering effects in man. All apoB-containing lipoproteins, i.e. VLDL, LDL, Lp(a), are reduced by 25-30%. In contrast, levels of HDL increase about 10%. In hepatic cell cultures, ACTH inhibits expression and secretion of apoB. In this thesis we corroborate that the reduced apoB synthesis, seen in hepatic cell systems, is als
The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are required, together with CD4, for the entry of HIV-1 into target cells. CCR5 using HIV-1 dominates during transmission and the asymptomatic phase of infection. During progression, virus phenotypes with the ability to use CXCR4 emerge in about 50% of infected individuals. Individuals continuously harbouring CCR5-restricted isolates still progress to AIDS. D
The general aim of this thesis was to molecularly characterize urothelial carcinoma (UC) at the transcriptional level using gene expression microarrays to improve the classification and pathogenetic understanding of this disease. In the first two studies (Articles I and II), gene expression profiling was used to study dysregulated transcriptional networks in a large cohort of UCs. We also investig
This thesis examines the microvascular inflammatory response in the skin. The microvascular response includes vasodilatation and plasma exudation. In the first three studies, the combined response was measured in guinea pig skin with a technique based on detection of radiolabelled protein. Transferrin was labelled in vivo by injection of 113mIn and the conversion electrons detected over the skin u
Introduction: The mechanism of post ischemic reactive hyperemia is still unknown but now thought to be multifactorial and perhaps involving purinergic signalling. Purines such as ATP and ADP have recently been discovered to play a vital role in the regulation of vascular tone. We postulated that ADP could play a vital role in the mechanism of coronary post ischemic reactive hyperemia and that incr
The present thesis aimed to examine how ischemic stroke affects the vascular endothelin and angiotensin systems in cerebral arteries. To study vascular receptor changes in ischemic stroke transient focal ischemia was induced in rats. In addition, rat cerebral arteries and arterial smooth muscle cells were cultured for further analysis of cerebrovascular receptor regulation. For functional studies
Bemanningsbranschen har under de senaste årtiondena vuxit kraftigt i Sverige och är idag en etablerad del av arbetsmarknaden. Behovet av att reglera bemanningsbranschen rättsligt insåg EU redan tidigt och efter många turer och skilda åsikter i frågan så kunde EU 2008 beslutaom bemanningsdirektivet. Direktivet skulle vara genomfört i Sverige senast 2011 men blev klart först i januari 2013 då uthyrn
En familj är i de flesta fall sammansatt av en grupp människor med känslomässiga band som har gemensamma ekonomiska intressen och utgör en enhet mot omvärlden. Trots detta finns det stora skillnader i hur denna enhet behandlas skattemässigt. Dessa olikheter gällande hur familjens medlemmar beskattas blir uppenbara när det gäller skattesystemen i Sverige och Frankrike. I denna uppsats presenteras
I Sverige får i dag hälften av befolkningen dricksvatten från vattentäkter som helt saknar eller har ett föråldrat skydd mot föroreningar. För att få bukt med problemet har Naturvårdsverket tagit fram anvisningar i form av tjugo punkter, samt tre tilläggspunkter, för upprättandet av ett vattenskyddsområde runt vattentäkten. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie har vart att jämföra sexton vattenskydds
The aim of this study was to investigate and illuminate preschool pedagogues working approach with bilingual children and their families in preschool. Our common interest in this subject emerged in that we both have young children in preschool and that we have two different backgrounds in two different cultures. Data collection for this study has been carried out through qualitative methods with e
Koncernbidrag förekommer i majoriteten av EU:s medlemsländer. Möjligheten förutsätter vanligtvis att bolagen, inom koncernförhållandet, är belägna eller skattskyldiga i samma stat. På så vis betraktas koncerner som samma ekonomiska enhet med möjlighet att kvitta vinster och förluster i likhet med ett fristående bolag. Vid gränsöverskridande resultatutjämning ser situationen annorlunda ut. EftersomGroup relief is available in the majority of member states in the European Union. The possibility for group relief usually assumes that the companies within the group are located or taxable in the same state. Thus, the groups are regarded as a single economic entity with the ability to offset gains and losses like an independent company. In cross-border group relief the legal position is different
This report is a study of the impacts of extreme sea levels and waves on the coastal area of the bay of Lundåkra. The bay is characterized by shallow sea bottoms and a flat topography, particularly in the north. Analyses have been based on historical data. To expand the analyses to apply for a future scenario a change in mean sea level has been considered. Based on general recommendations from the
Abstract Population movements are more substantial today than at any other point in human history. If managed effectively, migration can be beneficial for all aspects of social and economic life. This thesis contains four papers, all of which are related to the economic consequences and determinants of migration, within and across countries. The first paper employs a household survey to explor
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by non-immune hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute kidney failure. The most common form of HUS is associated with gastrointestinal Shiga toxin-producing enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infection. EHEC are non-invasive strains with Shiga toxin as the unique virulence factor. The aim of this study was to describe host-pathogen intera
There is a limited understanding of how the benthic environment within upwelling regions responded to past rapid climatic changes. Within this thesis, a multiproxy approach is applied to two marine sediment cores from two coastal upwelling sites in the low latitude subtropical Atlantic. With a focus on benthic foraminiferal faunal analyses, the response of the benthic environment to rapid climatic
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is a growing concern. As the life expectancy increases across the globe, the number of affected people is estimated to reach 100 million by 2050. Efforts to develop effective treatments for humans have mostly been based on the assumption that a faulty homeostasis of beta amyloid (Aβ) is the triggering or the driving factor behind this co
