Filtyp
Using energy at low-quality levels opens up new possibilities for low-energy houses. Low-quality energy can be heat at a temperature that is close to that of its surrounding, and can be used, for example, to pre-heat ventilation air or domestic hot water. Pre-heating the incoming outdoor air reduces the need to heat ventilation and reduces the need for high-quality energy such as electricity or he
In this thesis, I have investigated factors (cues, benefits, and costs) affecting the evolution of an inducible morphological defence in crucian carp (Carassius carassius). Inducible defences are favoured over permanent defences when prey have reliable cues to detect predators, when defences are effective but costly, and when predation pressure is variable and unpredictable, but sometimes s
The primary role of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), an 84 kDa enzyme of 768 amino acids (in the rat protein), is to hydrolyse stored triacylglycerols in adipocytes of white adipose tissue. Catecholamines and insulin regulate lipolysis through cellular signalling. A major target of this regulation is HSL, activated through phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (cAMP-PK). Insulin activate
This thesis examines associations between a number of epidemiological or biological markers of cancer risk and oxidative stress, in order to achieve a better understanding of how diet, lifestyle, and genetic factors contribute to the occurrence of oxidative stress. Data from the Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) cohort was used. The MDC study is a population-based cohort study which uses a detailed modi
Proprioceptive ability was estimated in different groups of patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury as well as in different groups of healthy uninjured individuals. In study I, patients with poor outcome of the ACL injury – i.e. persistent symptoms of instability – were compared with patients with few symptoms after ACL injury, as well as with a control group. The results showed that
The main purpose was to investigate children's participation in the decision-making processes in health care. Twenty-four children (0-18 år)admitted to hospital, their parents, and the staff present were observed during totally 135 hours in order to (i) identify the children's needs, (ii) their participation in the decision-making processes, and (iii) their parents' participation. Twenty-six child
Basement membranes are sheet like structures underlying epithelial, endothelial, adipocytes, muscle and peripheral nerve cells. Laminins are an important family of basement membrane proteins implicated in various biological functions through their interactions with cell surface receptors. Laminins are trimers composed of a, b and g chains. Integrins, dystroglycan and other transmembrane glycoprote
The method of microdialysis has been adapted for ocular use. It is a technique for monitoring concentrations of different molecules in a tissue in vivo. It is based on the principle of diffusion through a semipermeable membrane. The membrane is mounted on a soft plastic shaft, connected to an inlet and an outlet tube. The whole device, called microdialysis probe, was implanted into the vitreous bo
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a potent vasoconstrictor that is implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension, heart failure and atherosclerosis. In this thesis, the efficacy and safety of Ang II receptor blockers (ARB) were evaluated. The vasomotor effects of Ang II in endothelium-denuded human coronary arteries were characterized by in vitro pharmacology and the Ang II receptor mRNA levels were qua
De svenska allmännyttiga bostadsbolagen i Sverige inrättades från början som kategoribostäder för mindre bemedlade, barnrika familjer på 1930-talet. På liknande sätt riktade även de danska allmännyttiga bostadsbolagen ursprungligen sin verksamhet till mindre bemedlade. På 1940-talet kom dock den svenska allmännyttans syfte att utvidgas till att förse alla med bra billiga bostäder, en utveckling so
Den gällande svenska våldtäktsregleringen baseras antingen på tvång eller på otillbörligt utnyttjande vid en särskilt utsatt situation. I begreppet tvång ligger såväl våld som hot, vilka båda enligt den svenska regleringen är lågt ställda krav. ”Särskilt utsatt situation” å andra sidan ser bland annat till vissa exemplifierade situationer. I och med att Europadomstolen avkunnade Bulgariendomen, vi
Rätten till familjeåterförening stadgas i såväl EU:s Familjeåterföreningsdirektiv som i den svenska utlänningslagen. Principen om familjens enhet, allas likhet inför lagen och barnets bästa är principer av stor vikt inom både internationell, europeisk och svensk rätt. Trots principer som att familjen ska hållas samman och att det ska göras vad som är möjligt för att återförena splittrade familjer,
En kartläggning som gjordes av Föreningen Svenskar i Världen år 2015 visade att antalet utlandssvenskar som var bosatta i Spanien under mer än sex månader per år uppgick till mer än 90 000. Sådana gränsöverskridande förflyttningar påverkar i vissa fall den svenska skattebasen eftersom utflyttade personer många gånger går från att vara obegränsat skattskyldiga för samtliga sina inkomster till att e
The ability of many pathogenic microorganisms to cause infection is dependent on their ability to evade attack by the complement system of the host. One mechanism by which microorganisms may avoid complement attack is to bind complement inhibitory molecules present in the host. This thesis describes studies of the complement inhibitor C4BP and of inter-actions between C4BP and the human pathogen
Seasonal Affective Disorder with depressive episodes during the autumn/winter seasons (winter depression) is common. Outpatients with winter depression were studied regarding temperament, psychopathology, social characteristics, psychosocial functioning and the neuropeptides corticotropin - releasing hormone (CRH) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), which are known to be involved in stress-regulation. The t
Biotechnological processes offer environmentally friendly and sometimes cost-effective alternatives to traditional chemical and mechanical methods. It is important to take advantages of the opportunities these processes provide to fulfil the demands and expectations of a future environmentally sustainable society. This work exploits the possibilities of applying biotechnological methods to allow r
Hepatitis B virus is a non-cytopathic virus with a small, circular, partially double-stranded DNA of 3.2 kb. It causes acute and chronic inflammatory liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Retesting of stored sera from an outbreak of acute hepatitis in 1969-72 allowed identification of 126 cases of acute hepatitis B. No chronic carriers expressing hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) cou
