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Background Although human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQ and DR loci appear to confer the strongest genetic risk for type 1 diabetes, more detailed information is required for other loci within the HLA region to understand causality and stratify additional risk factors. The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC) study design included high-resolution genotyping of HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DQ, and DP loc
The quantification and characterization of circulating immune cells provide key indicators of human health and disease. To identify the relative effects of environmental and genetic factors on variation in the parameters of innate and adaptive immune cells in homeostatic conditions, we combined standardized flow cytometry of blood leukocytes and genome-wide DNA genotyping of 1,000 healthy, unrelat
The Sardinian dhole (Cynotherium sardous) was an iconic and unique canid species that was endemic to Sardinia and Corsica until it became extinct at the end of the Late Pleistocene. Given its peculiar dental morphology, small body size, and high level of endemism, several extant canids have been proposed as possible relatives of the Sardinian dhole, including the Asian dhole and African hunting doThe Sardinian dhole (Cynotherium sardous)1 was an iconic and unique canid species that was endemic to Sardinia and Corsica until it became extinct at the end of the Late Pleistocene.2-5 Given its peculiar dental morphology, small body size, and high level of endemism, several extant canids have been proposed as possible relatives of the Sardinian dhole, including the Asian dhole and African huntin
PURPOSE: The first interim analysis of the phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled TITAN study showed that apalutamide significantly improved overall survival (OS) and radiographic progression-free survival in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) receiving ongoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Herein, we report final efficacy and safety results after unblin
The SCHOLAR-2 retrospective study highlighted poor overall survival (OS) with standard of care (SOC) regimens among patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) who failed a covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi). In the ZUMA-2 single-arm trial, brexucabtagene autoleucel (brexu-cel; autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy) demonstrated high rates of durable response
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a heterogeneous single gene disorder characterized by non–insulin-dependent diabetes, an early onset and autosomal dominant inheritance. Mutations in six genes have been shown to cause MODY. Approximately 15–20% of families fitting MODY criteria do not have mutations in any of the known genes. These families provide a rich resource for the identificat
The intronic SNP rs7903146 in the T-cell factor 7-like 2 gene (TCF7L2) is the common genetic variant most highly associated with Type 2 diabetes known to date. The risk T-allele is located in an open chromatin region specific to human pancreatic islets of Langerhans, thereby accessible for binding of regulatory proteins. The risk T-allele locus exhibits stronger enhancer activity compared to the n
OBJECTIVE: In a multicenter cohort of probable dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), we tested the hypothesis that β-amyloid and tau biomarker positivity increases with age, which is modified by APOE genotype and sex, and that there are isolated and synergistic associations with the clinical phenotype. METHODS: We included 417 patients with DLB (age 45-93 years, 31% women). Positivity on β-amyloid (A+)
Accurate diagnosis of rare inherited anaemias is challenging, requiring a series of complex and expensive laboratory tests. Targeted next-generation-sequencing (NGS) has been used to investigate these disorders, but the selection of genes on individual panels has been narrow and the validation strategies used have fallen short of the standards required for clinical use. Clinical-grade validation o
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) after relapse is associated with poor prognosis. No standard of care exists and available evidence for treatments is limited, particularly in patients who fail Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) therapy. This multicentre retrospective chart review study, SCHOLAR-2, addresses this knowledge gap and reports on data collected from 240 patients with relapsed/refractory
INTRODUCTION: We examined whether sex modifies the association between APOE ε2 and cognitive decline in two independent samples. METHODS: We used observational data from cognitively unimpaired non-Hispanic White (NHW) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB) adults. Linear mixed models examined interactive associations of APOE genotype (ε2 or ε4 carrier vs. ε3/ε3) and sex on cognitive decline in NHW and NHB p
One of the key ecological processes affected by climate change is plant carbon uptake. However, there is substantial uncertainty about how plant carbon uptake will respond to warming in mountain ecosystems, which are known for sharp temperature gradients and abrupt shifts in vegetation structure. Specifically, we lack an understanding of whether these response trajectories over time will be linear
Background and aim: Vitamin K has been proposed to have a preventive effect against arterial calcification through activation of the vitamin K dependent proteins and potentially protect against progression of atherosclerosis. Our aim was to assess the association between vitamin K status and vascular health in a general elderly population. Methods and results: In a cross-sectional study, the vitam
Fluid biomarkers are revolutionizing the diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative diseases by enabling earlier diagnosis and disease monitoring. In particular, blood-based biomarkers have emerged as a minimally invasive and scalable alternative to cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Recent advances in blood-based tau biomarkers have shown high diagnostic accuracy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Other
The essay examines the application of Section 33 of the Contracts Act (SFS 1915:218), with particular focus on the Supreme Court’s (HD) ruling in the case ‘Nätkasinot’ (T 607-24, 1 July 2025). Section 33, which addresses good faith and honour, has rarely been applied by the courts but has recently gained renewed relevance through the ‘Nätkasinot’ judgment. The purpose of the essay is to analyse th
In 2018, Sweden passed a new law regarding rape, which is based on the lack of voluntary participation or in other words, consent. This means that it is now the perpetrators intent, regarding that the other person does not participate voluntarily in the sexual act, which lays in the court judgements focus. Another change was that a new offense where passed, negligent rape. Thus, criminal liability
When the European Commission’s Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) was voted through in July 2024, the playing field for companies operating within the European Union (EU) changed. The CSDDD transforms the previously voluntary responsibility to adhere to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) into legally binding regulations. Companies subject to the CSDDD are required to perfo
Sweden became an official member of the European Public Prosecutor’s Office (the ‘EPPO’) in July of 2024. Joining the EPPO represents a major change for Swedish procedural criminal proceedings, as the judicial system needs to adapt to the fact that an EU body now has direct authority to take actions related to crimes within Sweden’s jurisdiction. This change is particularly apparent in relation to
In July 2016, the Law on temporary limitations to the possibility of being granted residence permit in Sweden (the Temporary Law) came into force. The Temporary Law implied a sharp turn in Swedish asylum legislation. The right to family reunification, which previously had been granted subsidiary protection beneficiaries and refugees on a similar basis, was suddenly heavily restricted for beneficia
The Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive (ATAD) was adopted on 12 july and needed to be implemented by the member states on 31 december 2018. The general anti-avoidance rule (GAAR) in article 6 is the interest of this thesis. The purpose with the GAAR is to access the arrangements or transactions that try to circumvent the tax legislation. The GAAR should cover gaps and apply to arrangements that are not
