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Straffvärdet intar en central position inom det svenska straffsystemet. Det abstrakta värdet, eller straffskalan, ger en utgångspunkt för beräkningen av straffvärde. Med denna av lagstiftaren fastställda ram som bakgrund ska domstolen i nästa steg, i ljuset av försvårande och förmildrande omständigheter, bedöma en specifik gärnings konkreta straffvärde. Av avgörande betydelse för bedömningen är dePenal value occupies a central position in the Swedish penal system. The abstract value, or range of punishment, provides a basis for the calculation of the penalty. With this frame of legislation established, the court will in the next step assess a specific perpetrators concrete penalty. The assessment of the specific penalty amount will be made in light of how aggravating and mitigating the cir

On July 1, 2018, a new legislation regarding rape took effect, which is based on the lack of voluntary participation, unlike the previous regulations which required violence, threats or undue exploitation. Furthermore, a new offence was passed with the classification negligent rape, prescribed in Chapter 6, 1 a § of the Penal Code. The crime of negligent rape includes the same criminal act – sexua

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka överförmyndarens tillsyn av ställföreträdares verksamhet. En överförmyndare är en kommunal förvaltningsmyndighet vars skyldighet är att tillhandahålla gode män och förvaltare. En sådan legal ställföreträdare kan förordnas för personer som inte kan att ta hand om sig själva och sin egendom. Ställföreträdarens uppdrag är således att bevaka huvudmannens rätt,The purpose of this essay is to study the chief guardian’s supervision of deputies’ activities. A chief guardian is a municipal administrative authority whose obligation is to provide custodians and administrators. Such a legal deputy may be assigned to persons who can no longer take care of themselves or their property. The deputy’s commitment is thus to guard the rights of the principal, adminis

miRNA och dess termodynamik I alla männskliga celler (förutom i de röda blodkropparna) finns en cellkärna. Inuti kärnan finns DNA:t. Segment av DNA kan läsas i en process kallad för transkription. I denna process omkodas det cellulära DNA genom transkription till den strukturellt liknande molekylen RNA. Denna molekyl blir vanligtvis avläst av cellen i en process kallad translation där kedjor av aAbstract We have performed a series of experiments in order to elucidate the properties of two breast cancer related microRNAs, here we denote A and B. In one experiment, we tested varying concentrations of biologically relevant cation upon the melting curve of A. We saw that the monovalent conditions favoured a melting curve that had two inflexion points whereas the divalent conditions favoured

Shoreline protection law and the right of commons are unique from a global perspective. The purpose of the shoreline protection law is to promote and maintain a good habitat for plants and animals and to secure the basis for the public's access to the coastline. On the 1st of July 2009 the new and changed shoreline protection law took effect. The main purpose of the change was to promote rura

On the first of July 2018, the new Swedish Administrative Procedure Act came into force. The Act introduces a new remedy against the inaction of administrative authorities (an action for failure to act, in Swedish “dröjsmålstalan”). Through the introduction of the new remedy, individuals are given a general right to appeal against the administrative authorities' inaction for the first time in

I Regeringsformen som är Sveriges grundlag står det uttryckligen att Sverige är en suverän stat med ett demokratiskt statsskick. Men efter Sveriges inträde i Europeiska Unionen 1995 har lagstiftningen av bl.a. direkta skatter kommit att påverkas avsevärt, trots att Sverige inte har överlåtit dessa till EU-institutionerna. EU-domstolen har i brist på harmonisering på eget initiativ utformat prejudiThe Constitution Act, which is Sweden's constitution explicitly, states that Sweden is a sovereign state with a democratic form of government. But after Sweden joined the European Union in 1995, legislation of particular direct taxes come to be affected significantly, although Sweden has not transferred them to European institutions. EU court for lack of harmonization of its own initiatives de

This review covers recent advances (2023–2024) in neuroimaging research into the pathophysiology, progression, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD). Despite the rapid emergence of blood-based biomarkers, neuroimaging continues to be a vital area of research in ADRD. Here, we discuss neuroimaging as a powerful tool to topographically visualize and quantify amyloid,

Quantitative data are needed to constrain the feedback loops between vegetation and hydroclimate. In this study, the amplitudes of variations in the triple oxygen isotope composition of water at the soil-plant-atmosphere interface are measured in savanna and dry forest contexts in West Africa (Benin and Senegal). Comparison of in situ data and model estimates reveals the following: (a) The value o

Human blood plasma can be obtained relatively noninvasively and contains proteins from most, if not all, tissues of the body. Therefore, an extensive, quantitative catalog of plasma proteins is an important starting point for the discovery of disease biomarkers. In 2005, we showed that different proteomics measurements using different sample preparation and analysis techniques identify significant

Recent studies highlight the importance of lipotoxic damage in aortic cells as the major pathogenetic contributor to atherosclerotic disease. Since the STE20-type kinase STK25 has been shown to exacerbate ectopic lipid storage and associated cell injury in several metabolic organs, we here investigate its role in the main cell types of vasculature. We depleted STK25 by small interfering RNA in hum

BackgroundNon-coding genetic variants that influence gene transcription in pancreatic islets play a major role in the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D), and likely also contribute to type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk. For many loci, however, the mechanisms through which non-coding variants influence diabetes susceptibility are unknown.ResultsWe examine splicing QTLs (sQTLs) in pancreatic islets fro

Hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) is a renewable diesel fuel used to replace petroleum diesel. The organic compounds in HVO are poorly characterized; therefore, toxicological properties could be different from petroleum diesel exhaust. The aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure and effective biomarkers in 18 individuals after short-term (3 h) exposure to HVO exhaust and petroleum diesel exh

PURPOSE: Despite impressive response rates following adoptive transfer of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with metastatic melanoma, improvement is needed to increase the efficacy and broaden the applicability of this treatment. We evaluated the use of vemurafenib, a small-molecule BRAF inhibitor with immunomodulatory properties, as priming before TIL harvest and adopti

A quarter of ischaemic strokes are lacunar subtype, typically neurologically mild, usually resulting from intrinsic cerebral small vessel pathology, with risk factor profiles and outcome rates differing from other stroke subtypes. This European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guideline provides evidence-based recommendations to assist with clinical decisions about management of lacunar ischaemic stroke

BACKGROUND: Risk of bias (RoB) assessment is an essential part of systematic reviews that requires reading and understanding each eligible trial and RoB tools. RoB assessment is subject to human error and is time-consuming. Machine learning-based tools have been developed to automate RoB assessment using simple models trained on limited corpuses. ChatGPT is a conversational agent based on a large

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection may be a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, particularly infection by strains without the cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) virulence factor. Non-O blood type is a known risk factor for pancreatic cancer, and H. pylori gastric colonization occurs largely from bacterial adhesins binding to blood group antigens on gastric mucosa.METHODS: We included 485 pan

Antibodies play a key role in acquired human immunity to Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria and target merozoites to reduce or prevent blood-stage replication and the development of disease. Merozoites present a complex array of antigens to the immune system, and currently, there is only a partial understanding of the targets of protective antibodies and how responses to different antigens are acq

Non-invasive biomarkers for androgen receptor (AR) pathway activation are urgently needed to better monitor patient response to prostate cancer (PCa) therapies. AR is a critical driver and mediator of resistance of PCa but currently available non-invasive PCa biomarkers to monitor AR activity are discordant with downstream AR pathway activity. External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) remains a common tre

Senior lecturer Contact details Email: pablo [dot] villanueva_perez [at] fysik [dot] lu [dot] seOrganisation Synchrotron Radiation Research Service point: 14 WebpagePablo Villanueva Perez profile in Lund University research portalOther affiliations Associate senior lecturer Synchrotron Radiation Research Member of Strategic Research Area NanoLund: Centre for Nanoscience Profile area member Lund La

https://www.sljus.lu.se/pablo-villanueva-perez - 2026-06-06