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Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av fem stycken artiklar som analyserar och estimerar finansiella prisprocesser. Alla artiklarna handlar också om stokastiska volatilitetsprocesser som estimeras med Bayesiansk statistik och Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) metoder. Det första pappret utvecklar en modell för att mäta den amerikanska och de regionala europeiska aktiemarknadernas påverThis dissertation consists of five papers concerned with the estimation and analysis of financial price processes. The first paper develops a stock price model and analyzes the impact of the US and the regional European stock markets on the local European countries’ stock markets. Among several things, we find that the dependencies among the stock markets do not increase during periods of distress

The productivity of agricultural and forest ecosystems in regions at higher latitudes is to a large extent governed by low temperature and moisture conditions. Environmental conditions are acting both above- and below-ground and regulating carbon fluxes and evapotranspiration. However, the understanding of various feedbacks between vegetation and environmental conditions is still unclear. In this

Women's Empowerment has long been a hot topic along with the increasing awareness of gender equality. However, women farmers in rural areas, especially those marginalized, have not received sufficient attention. The long-term sustainable development of the agriculture sector is essentially related to basic survival needs of human beings and thus, paying more attention to rural farming women

Säkerhetsrådet ska i enlighet med art. 39 FN-stadgan vidta kollektiva åtgärder för att bevara den internationella freden och säkerheten. Säkerhetsrådet kan inom ramen för detta uppdrag vidta militära och icke-militära åtgärder under stadgans kapitel VII. För att Säkerhetsrådet ska kunna agera krävs att de fem permanenta medlemmarna Frankrike, Kina, Ryssland (Sovjetunionen), Storbritannien och USA

There is an increasing shift of hope from international negotiations to local actors for promoting sustainability by ‘thinking globally while acting locally’. Municipalities are such carriers of hope, taking on increasing responsibility as implementers of sustainability. The problem is that sustainability is a social construction site, and implementing it means ‘making it up as you go’. With this

Microbial exposure has been indicated as significant in the development of asthma and allergy among children. The aim of the study was to test whether microbial exposure and allergens in the school environment are associated with asthmatic symptoms in pupils. Data on asthmatic symptoms and respiratory infections were collected through a questionnaire survey among 1993 pupils aged 11-15 yr in 10 ra

Despite a small population, Australia is globally relevant as the largest per capita emitter of greenhouse gases in the OECD and the world’s largest exporter of coal. Australia is also uniquely positioned amongst developed nations as being both acutely exposed to climate change impacts and being without coherent energy and emissions policies. This study reassesses Australia’s emissions profile uti

Post-festival residual inventory is a recurring challenge for small independent retailers, especially when products are tied to specific festivals, gifting occasions or seasonal selling windows. Existing research has examined markdown pricing, product deletion, and reverse logistics primarily in large retail chains or formal supply-chain systems, while paying less attention to how small independen

This study examines the defense modernization efforts of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Vision 2030, together with the institutional architecture of GAMI and SAMI, sets an ambitious target of 50% defense localization by 2030. While official reports assert steady progress in upstream industrial capabilities, this study asks whether these efforts have been as successful as claimed. The research

This study examines how geopolitical events impact the strategies of Swedish industrial MNEs in strategic sectors, and which ownership advantages underpin those strategies. It draws on nine semi-structured interviews, eight with senior representatives from four Swedish firms across defence and aerospace, oil, mining, and automotive, and one with a government trade institution representative. Dunni

As brands increasingly engage with social issues through communication, how consumers respond to perceived inconsistency in brand value expressions has become an important area of inquiry in strategic communication research. Existing studies have largely focused on the effects of brand activism and femvertising on attitudes and purchase intentions, with limited attention to how consumers negotiate

Purpose: To examine whether generative AI adoption influences analyst forecast error and bias, and whether the relationship differs across firms with different characteristics. Methodology: The study applies a quantitative panel-data approach using pooled OLS and firm fixed effects regressions. Interaction models are used to examine whether firm size, segment complexity, intangible intensity an

Background: Since the last decades of the twentieth century there have been lots of companies who had moved their production processes from the origin country to another different country because of a lower cost of operations in the new location. These better conditions were due to fewer labor costs, fewer land prices, fewer transport costs and lower taxes, among others. However, nowadays reshorin

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is a regional economic integration development model that stems from the economic cooperation and exchanges between Hong Kong, Macao, and the Pearl River Delta region over the past 40 years. The construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area will enable the economic integration and development of this region and promote the constructio

Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is a pivotal component of the carbon cycle and is sensitive to environmental disturbances. In the context of the Tibetan Plateau, its spatial and temporal variations in DIC concentrations and flux have substantial implications for regional and global carbon cycles, which, however, remains poorly understood. This study harmonized a large database of riverine DIC obs

In workplaces, a lot of knowledge is lost when colleagues change positions. What was once obvious to one person can be incomprehensible to the next. This problem has been encountered by Probation Labs Sweden AB with their biochemical instrument, Labbot. Labbot facilitates researchers in automating their protein analysis. It works like a multi-tool where users can perform one or several tasks in a

Research funding is essential for promoting internationalization of science, technology and innovation. It is a key mechanism to advance international science, technology and innovation (STI) cooperation. This thesis argues that funding is a dominant driver of internationalization of science, technology and innovation but it is viewed as less than an optimal mechanism because of the trade-offs and