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To discuss the current liquidity in inter-bank bond market, this paper uses high-frequency date of bond trading, and selects a series of liquidity measures to evaluate liquidity in the market respectively. Then correlation analysis is applied between liquidity measures, and the result reveals that some liquidity measures are highly correlated. Based on the correlations between liquidity measures,

In this study, a new strategy for fault detection and isolation is presented. This strategy is based on the design of a Lüneburg observer which is implemented via pole placement using linear matrix inequalities. Two residuals are formulated based on the state estimation error in order to be utilized in detecting and isolating faults happened on the system. Fault detection problem solves by change

Amplitudes, rates, periodicities, causes and future trends of temperature variations based on tree rings for the past 2485 years on the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that extreme climatic events on the Plateau, such as the Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age and 20th Century Warming appeared synchronously with those in other places worldwide. The largest amplit

?Genom sitt agerande har den förre guvernören Chen Yis administration fjärmat folket från centralregeringen. Många av den inhemska befolkningen kände att situationen under det japanska autokratiska styret var att föredra. Centralregeringen missade ett tillfälle att visa det kinesiska folket och resten av världen att även de skulle kunna erbjuda en ärlig och effektiv administration.De kan inte sky

With diversified requirements and varying manufacturing environments, the optimal production planning encountered in a steel mill became more flexible and also complicated. The flexibility can provide the operators with auxiliary requirements through an implementable integrated production planning. In this paper, a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model is formulated for the optimal pla

We study mixed-integer optimal control problem using indirect approaches. The proposed method relies on splitting algorithms which separate the mixed problem into two solvable pieces and then iteratively alternating between the two. The algorithm gives approximated local solutions, and provides lower and upper bounds estimations of the global optimum. Simulations are provided to validate our appro

Piratkopiering i Kina har varit ett ämne som flitigt debatterats internationellt de senaste åren. Denna uppsats ämnar analysera åtgärder vidtagna för att implementera immateriella rättigheter i Kina i en ekonomisk, politisk och historisk kontext. Sedan Kina gick med i WTO har landet varit tvunget att ändra sin lagstiftning inom många områden, speciellt rörande immateriella rättigheter. Positiva oc

The problem of windfall has recently become more and more frequent in marine insurance. The solution to the problem would affect both international business and the insurance industry. The Marine Insurance Act 1906 has not specified clearly about the solution; relevant English cases seem to render different decisions as to the payment recovered from the third party. The problem is caused by the co