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Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are a group of incurable conditions, among which the most common, such as COPD and asthma, have significant negative impacts on patients’ mental health and economic productivity. Understanding of the causes and affected populations of CRDs is continuously evolving, with air pollution now recognized as an important etiological factor alongside smoking, receiving

Effective workload planning in Skåne hospitals relies on accurate, data-driven birth forecasts. Weekly and hospital-level predictions are particularly important in the healthcare sector for operational decision-making, including staffing and maternity unit resource allocation. This study develops and evaluates a time series forecasting model capable of predicting weekly birth counts in the Skåne r

The World Heritage Site Venice and its Lagoon faces major challenges to its conservation, mainly those of mass tourism and climate change. This thesis examines how Venice is represented and managed as a World Heritage Site in official reports by Unesco and Italy, with a particular focus on conservation, tourism and sustainability. The study is conducted through a qualitative content analysis of Un

The consequences of climate change include an increased risk of landslides, erosion and flooding of buildings in cities. Swedish municipalities have a planning monopoly, which means they have autonomy over urban planning and consequently a responsibility to climate-adapt their cities. It is not enough to focus solely on reducing emissions, climate adaptation measures must also be implemented. To m

Agricultural intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss, which highlights the need for effective policy instruments that promote sustainable farming. Therefore, the EUs common agricultural policy (CAP) plays a major role, especially the voluntary eco-schemes that are designed to incentivize such practices. However, the effectiveness of these policies depends both on farmer participatio

Objectives To identify and describe frameworks for systematically identifying research gaps from evidence syntheses, framing research needs, and establishing priorities, with emphasis on their use of GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) certainty of evidence (CoE) domains and evidence-to-decision (EtD) criteria. Study Design and Setting We conducted a scoping r

Growing concerns around resource depletion and climate change has made freshwater scarcity an increasingly urgent issue for cities around the world. In Cape Town, this became especially visible during the 2018 Day Zero crisis, when the City of Cape Town faced the possibility of its municipal water supply systems reaching a critical failure point. This thesis examines how freshwater scarcity in Cap

Background Increased airflow is reported as helpful in reducing the sensation of breathlessness. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of airflow on breathlessness (primary outcome, measured using a validated tool at rest or during exercise) and health-related quality of life (secondary outcome) in people with serious respiratory illness. Methods We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase

The basic purpose of this study is to observe the association between firm sustainability and board quality, along with examining the moderating effect of the sustainability committee. Agency theory, resource dependence theory, stakeholder theory, legitimacy theory, and upper echelons theory are used as the theoretical bases of this study. Agency theory describes the supervising role of directors,

Introduction: Our objective was determining the optimal combinations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for predicting disease progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: We included 1,983 participants from three different cohorts with longitudinal cognitive and clinical data, and baseline CSF levels of Aβ42, Aβ40, phosphorylated tau at threonine-181

The aim of this review is to raise awareness and knowledge among healthcare professionals and policymakers about late adverse effects in survivors of childhood leukemia. With contemporary treatment, over 90% of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and over 60% with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are cured. Large cohort studies demonstrate that 20% of ALL and most AML survivors have at le

Introduction: Haemophilia A care has changed with the introduction of emicizumab. Experience on the youngest children is still scarce and clinical practice varies between haemophilia treatment centres. Aim: We aimed to assess the current clinical practice on emicizumab prophylaxis within PedNet, a collaborative research platform for paediatricians treating children with haemophilia. Methods: An el

The Loess Plateau is one of the most severely affected regions in China by soil erosion, where vegetation restoration is the principal strategy for soil and water conservation. Runoff and sediment reduction benefits (RRB and SRB) are key indicators used to evaluate the effectiveness of vegetation measures. While numerous observational and experimental studies have explored the effects of different