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Neutrons are widely used as probes of matter to study materials in a broad range of fields from physics, chemistry and medicine to material sciences. Any application utilizing neutrons needs to employ a well-understood and optimized neutron-detector system. This thesis is centered on fundamental aspects of neutron-detector development, including the establishment of the Source Testing Facility at
Context. The current architecture of a given multi-planetary system is a key fingerprint of its past formation and dynamical evolution history. Long-term follow-up observations are key to complete their picture. Aims. In this paper, we focus on the confirmation and characterization of the components of the TOI-969 planetary system, where TESS detected a Neptune-size planet candidate in a very clos
Background: Chronological age is a key clinical determinant ofaortic stiffness. Self-perceived age (SPA) is a strong predictor ofwell-being and long-term health. We aimed to investigate theassociation between SPA, chronological age, and aortic stiffness(vascular ageing) in the general population.Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of a population-based study,Malmö Offspring Study (n=3563). Mean age
In 1827, an Indian juggler named Mooty Madua Samme converted to Christianity in Stockholm, Sweden. This historical event got much attention in the press at the time – as did his succeeding marriage to a Swedish woman named Erica – and was celebrated as a victory for the Evangelical Lutheran faith. Later, in the 1840s, a narrative depicting the event spread via a travelogue by Xavier Marmier, which
Wildfires are increasing in scale, frequency and longevity, and are affecting new locations as environmental conditions change. This paper presents a dataset collected during a community evacuation drill performed in Roxborough Park, Colorado (USA) in 2019. This is a wildland–urban interface community including approximately 900 homes. Data concerning several aspects of community response were col
Background: The World Health Organization recommends a minimum of 150 min of moderate intensity exercise per week or 75 min of strenuous activity weekly for adults. Younger hip fracture patients are often assumed less active than the general population, however, knowledge on physical activity (PA) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in younger hip fracture patients is limited. Objectives: W
Survivors of Pediatric Brain Tumors (PBTs) treated with cranial radiation therapy (CRT) often experience a decline in neurocognitive test scores. Less is known about the neurocognitive development of non-irradiated survivors of PBTs. The aim of this study was to statistically model neurocognitive development after PBT in both irradiated and non-irradiated survivors and to find clinical variables a
MODY3 is a monogenic hereditary form of diabetes caused by mutations in the transcription factor HNF1A. The patients progressively develop hyperglycemia due to perturbed insulin secretion, but the pathogenesis is unknown. Using patient-specific hiPSCs, we recapitulate the insulin secretion sensitivity to the membrane depolarizing agent sulfonylurea commonly observed in MODY3 patients. Unexpectedly
4-1BB (CD137) is an activation-induced costimulatory receptor that regulates immune responses of activated CD8 T and natural killer cells, by enhancing proliferation, survival, cytolytic activity, and IFNγ production. The ability to induce potent antitumor activity by stimulating 4-1BB on tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells makes 4-1BB an attractive target for designing novel immuno-oncology therapeu
Introduction: The lungs are the second most common site for metachronous metastases in colorectal cancer. No treatment algorithm is established, and the role of adjuvant chemotherapy is unclear. This study aimed to map pulmonary recurrences in a modern multimodal treated population, and to evaluate survival depending on management. Methods: Retrospective study based on the COLOFOL-trial population
In the numerical integration of nonlinear autonomous initial value problems, the computational process depends on the step size scaled vector field hf as a distinct entity. This paper considers a parameterized transformation hf↦hf∘(I-γhf)-1,and its role in the finite step size stability of singly diagonally implicit Runge—Kutta (SDIRK) methods. For a suitably chosen γ> 0 , the transformed map is L
Among the current indoor positioning technologies, Bluetooth low energy (BLE) has gained increasing attention. In particular, the traditional distance estimation derived from aggregate RSS and signal-attenuation models is generally unstable because of the complicated interference in indoor environments. To improve the adaptability and robustness of the BLE positioning system, we propose making ful
Background: The 2019 European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) and the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) have recently proposed sarcopenia definitions. However, comparisons of the performance of these approaches in terms of thresholds employed, concordance in individuals and prediction of important health-related outcomes such as death are limited. We addre
Den här uppsatsen handlar om stokastiska optimerings metoder. Inom områdena Artificiell intelligens och Maskininlärning är det vanligt att man vill skatta parametrar i en statistisk modell för att kunna göra prediktioner. Man använder sig då av en kostnadsfunktion som bestraffar prediktioner som ligger långt ifrån det riktiga värdet och minimerar denna med avseende på de statistiska parametrarna. This thesis is concerned with stochastic optimization methods. The pioneering work in the field is the article “A stochastic approximation algorithm” by Robbins and Monro [1], in which they proposed the stochastic gradient descent; a stochastic version of the classical gradient descent algorithm. Since then, many improvements and extensions of the theory have been published, as well as new version
Background: Hospital-acquired hyponatremia remains a feared event in patients receiving hypotonic fluid therapy. Our objectives were to assess post-operative plasma-sodium concentration and to provide a physiological explanation for plasma-sodium levels over time in children with acute appendicitis. Methods: Thirteen normonatremic (plasma-sodium ≥135 mmol/L) children (8 males), median age 12.3 (IQ
Researchers are increasingly recognizing that social movements are crucial for realizing deliberative democratic values. However, this raises two important questions: (1) what actions should count as deliberation and (2) whether we should demand more from activists than merely provoking or encouraging deliberation in a society. Building on current research on activists’ actual engagement with deli
We report on a study of the α-decay fine structure and the associated Eα-Eγ correlations in the decays of Os171,172 and Ir171,172,174. In total, 13 new α-decay energy lines have been resolved, and three new γ-ray transitions have been observed following the new decay branches to Re168 and W167. The weak α-decay branch from the bandhead of the νi13/2 band in Os171 observed in this work highlights a
