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The process simulator ASPEN PLUS was used for simulation of an ethanol production process based on enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. Various process configurations were studied to increase the overall yield of ethanol and to reduce the energy consumption in the process. An increased utilization of the pentosan fraction was achieved by a complex recycling of streams in the process.
Purpose. In previous studies of subretinal transplantation in rabbits, the host photoreceptor layer seemed to prevent the bridging of neuronal fibers between the graft and the host retina. The current study was undertaken to determine whether the same phenomenon occurs in transplants to the subretinal space of the vascularized retina of rats. Bridging of fibers was examined in transplants to anima
Pseudo archaeology and sacred topography: Is it possible and desirable to separate between science and pseudo science, between archaeology and pseudo archaeology? And should archaeologists igonore, understand or criticise pseudo archaeology? My experiences from the study of four traditions within the field of “sacred topographies” show, that it is rather difficult or even impossible to separate ar
A number of optically pure 1,3-diols have been synthesized and used as catalysts in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to aromatic aldehydes. Enantiomeric excesses of up to 92% of (R)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol were obtained with anisylbicyclo[2.2.2] octanediol (14) as a catalyst. Using 2-picolylbicyclo[ 2.2.2] ocatanediol (16) as the catalyst resulted in a reversal of the stereoselectivity, yielding
The spontaneous secretion of growth hormone during a 24 hour period and the response of growth hormone to growth hormone releasing hormone was studied in 13 girls who had received treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia that included cranial irradiation with 20-24 Gy in 12-14 fractions. At the time of investigation the girls were at varying stages of puberty and had normal concentrations of thy
This thesis includes five studies involving different samples of adult patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Studies one and two concern effects on metabolic control and quality of life of changing from conventional insulin treatment with three syringe injections per day to an intensified insulin treatment with three syringe injections daily using an insulin pen. In study one,
Analysis of bioreactors is central for successful design and operation of biotechnical processes. The bioreactor should provide optimum conditions, with respect to temperature, pH and substrate condition, for example, besides its basic function of containment. The ability to control the substrate concentration is an important function of the bioreactor. The substrate concentration can be subject t
Recent clinical studies have shown that inorganic arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) at low concentrations induces complete remission with minimal toxicity in patients with refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Preclinical studies suggest that As(2)O(3) induces apoptosis and possibly differentiation in APL cells. Like APL cells, neuroblastoma (NB) cells are thought to be arrested at an early st
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of neurotrophin-secreting Schwann cell implants on the urinary bladder after spinal cord contusion. One hour after severe spinal cord contusion at the T8 to T11 level, carbon filaments containing nonsecreting Schwann cells, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-secreting Schwann cells, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3)-secreting Schwann cells, or Schw
En ny europeisk studie granskar hur allmänheten i sex länder ser på organtransplantationer och postnatala genetiska test. Det rör sig om Cypern, Österrike, Tyskland, Frankrike och Sverige. I undersökningen framkommer att de tillfrågade personernas funderingar följer två övergripande spår: Här finns å ena sidan tankar om den medicinska utvecklingens potential, å andra sidan reflektioner rörande desRecent developments in the field of biomedicine do not only constitute a challenge for the health care systems of modern societies. They also have a profound impact on the core concepts of individual and collective life. The corresponding changes of individual and collective identities take place within the framework of different historically shaped national conditions and traditions. This leads t
This article adopts a perspective that emphasises direct and structural prevention of conflict. The empirical analysis focuses on the Temporary International Presence in Hebron (TIPH) and elaborates on various strategies to prevent conflict escalation. It argues that there is an inherent tension between TIPH's operational activities and its mandate. The agreement stipulates ambitious long-term goa
The flow and thermal fields in a rectangular-sectioned 90 degrees bend with a cross-section aspect ratio of 6 were investigated using four turbulence models. All models managed to reproduce the general flow and thermal patterns. Chen's high-Re k-epsilon model and Suga's cubic low-Re k-epsilon model performed well. The V2F k-epsilon model was found to be the least diffusive model and delivered good
Malignant brain tumors present a major therapeutic challenge because no selective or efficient treatment is available. Here, we demonstrate that intratumoral administration of human α-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells (HAMLET) prolongs survival in a human glioblastoma (GBM) xenograft model, by selective induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HAMLET is a protein-lipid complex that is formed from α
We use a microscopic Slater-Koster tight-binding model with short-range exchange and atomic spin-orbit interactions that realistically captures generic features of ferromagnetic metal nanoparticles to address the mesoscopic physics of magnetocrystalline anisotropy and hysteresis in nanoparticle-quasiparticle excitation spectra. Our analysis is based on qualitative arguments supported by self-consi
Background: Secondary central nervous system (CNS) involvement by aggressive lymphoma is a well-known and dreadful clinical complication. The incidence and risk factors for CNS manifestation were studied in a large cohort of elderly (> 60 years) patients with aggressive lymphoma. Patients and methods: In all, 444 previously untreated patients were randomized to receive 3-weekly combination chemoth
Popular Abstract in Swedish POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING Omfattningen av såväl alkoholkonsumtion som psykiska besvär ho's befolkningen är av stor betydelse för folkhälsan och samhällsekonomin. Under 1990-talet har det skett förändringar av svenskarna's alkoholkonsumtion och psykiska hälsa. Alkoholkonsumtionen har ökat kraftigt. Ökningstakten har varit större bland kvinnor än bland män och säAlcohol use and mental health of the general population is of public health concern. Few population-based studies have focused on middle-aged women. The aim of this thesis was to increase knowledge about middle-aged women’s alcohol consumption, drinking patterns, mental symptoms and use of psychotropic drugs. A separate analysis focuses on immigrant women. All women aged 50-59 (n=10,766), born b
