Sweden grapples with a critical issue: its extensive water infrastructure is nearing the end of its lifespan. While investment shortfalls increase this challenge, concerns linger about the potential mismanagement of existing assets. This research investigates how Swedish water utilities are strategically managing their ageing infrastructure. By exploring their utilisation strategies, the study aim

Over the last 30 years scientists have studied the morphological and mineralogical proofs of past aqueous activity on Mars. NASA’s latest flagship mission, the Mars 2020 mission with its Perseverance rover, landed in Jezero crater in 2021. Perseverance is tasked with investigating the wet history that has partially formed today’s Mars, and more specifically, find specific indicators for potential

Kandidatuppsatsen undersöker effekterna av buzzwords inom informatikforskning; den granskar hur dessa termer formar forskningsagendor, metoder och gemenskapsidentiteter genom Social Identity Theory. Studien använder en kvalitativ forskningsansats där data samlades in genom intervjuer från medvetet utvalda akademiker inom informatikområdet och analyserades tematiskt, vilket ledde till slutsatsen omThe bachelor’s thesis explores the impact of buzzwords in informatics research; examining how these terms shape research agendas, methodologies, and community identities through the lens of Social Identity Theory. The study employs a qualitative research approach where data were collected through interviews from purposefully selected academics of the informatics field, and were thematically analyz

Studien utforskar hur konsumenter i Generation Z upplever att digital marknadsföring på sociala medier påverkar deras konsumtion av skönhetsprodukter. Med syftet att öka kunskap samt förståelse för faktorer bakom Generation Z konsumtion av skönhetsprodukter använder sig studien av en kvalitativ metod. Med ett kriteriestyrt urvalsmetod samlades empiri in från 11 stycken respondenter som alla tillhö

In democracies, elections are events in which the public evaluates not only the promises for the coming years, but also the actions of the past period. When an incident adversely affects the welfare of all or part of a society, such as an economic crisis or a natural disaster, the general expectation according to the retrospective voting theory is that society will punish those responsible through

Människokroppen består av en otalig mängd celler, där varje enskild cell är omsluten av ett så kallat membran. Likt ett äpple där skalet omsluter och skyddar fruktköttet skyddar membranet cellen. En cell kan inte överleva utan ett membran. Förutom membranet är cellen också beroende av en fungerande transport av vatten och andra näringsämnen över membranet. För att kunna transportera ämnen över memIntroduction: The aim of this project is to study if the predicted model of the interaction between aquaporin-5 (AQP5) and CLIP2 is accurate by introducing single point mutations in the predicted interaction site of CLIP2 and see if it affects the interaction or not. Background: Aquaporins are essential membrane proteins for many biological processes. The regulation of aquaporins is crucial for c

This thesis analyses relationships between the litterfall components needles, twigs, flowers, fruits, and total litterfall and climate variables (wind speed, air temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation) in a coniferous forest located in southern Sweden. Needles, twigs, and total litterfall were positively correlated with daily average as well as maximum wind speed, whereas negatively cor

Pinus sylvestris (tall) är en betydelsefull trädart i Sverige och Europa, både ekonomiskt och kulturellt sett. Trädet infekteras dock av den destruktiva rottickan (Heterobasidion spp.) vilket resulterar i stora ekonomiska förluster inom skogsindustrin, med en uppskattad monetär förlust på ca 800 miljoner EUR årligen i Europa. Det är svårt att upptäcka svampen i tidiga infektionsstadier eftersom inPinus sylvestris (Scots pine) is an important tree species in Sweden and Europe, both economically and culturally. However, the highly destructive root rot fungi Heterobasidion spp. infect P. sylvestris and cause major economic losses in the forest industry, estimated to about 800 million EUR annually in Europe alone. Detection of the fungus in early stages is hard, as the infection mainly stays i

Inom partikelfysik, går de teoretiska och experimentella aspekterna hand i hand. För att förstå hur partiklar växelverkar med varandra och kunna förstå experimentella resultat, behövs en teoretisk modell av interaktionerna. Feynmandiagram erbjuder exakt detta, ett verktyg för att simpelt visualisera partikelprocesser. Med Feynmandiagram är det möjligt att förstå vilka processer som är möjliga och This thesis explores the simplifications the chirality-flow formalism brings the calculations of scattering amplitudes in massless QED. We explain Feynman diagrams and chirality- flow diagrams to emphasize how the calculations of scattering amplitudes differ. It is studied how applying the chirality-flow formalism simplifies the calculations. The work focuses on calculations with and without exter

Chirality can be understood as a property of an object that cannot be superimposed on its mirror image, such as our left and right hands. It is ubiquitous in nature and can also be found in the photosynthesis process involving chlorosomes from green sulfur bacteria. Understanding the dynamics of chiral properties in chlorosomes, due to the excitons formed by the interaction between bacteriochlorop

The construction industry has always been changing and adapting to new innovations, values, requirements, and goals from the outside world. These days are no different. The climate change is still mostly relevant and everything we could do to mitigate this should be applied in the construction sector. It is nowadays a known fact that buildings represent a significant portion of the carbon dioxide

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of the variation in the time intervals between heartbeats. HRV can provide insights into the condition of the heart as well as the state and interaction of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. HRV can be measured over shorter periods (5 minutes) or longer periods (up to 24 hours). Similar to pulse, HRV is linked to respiratory rate. During

I dagens globala samhälle finns en växande efterfrågan på trådlös kommunikation. För att möta denna efterfrågan behöver kommunikationssystemen utvecklas, till exempel genom att använda högre frekvenser som i 5G, öka antalet användare som kan använda systemet samtidigt eller använda större antennsystem. Detta ökar dock risken för störningar mellan användares kommunikationslänkar, vilket leder till As two signals of different frequencies pass through a nonlinear element, they mix and create unwanted spurious signals. This intermodulation phenomenon is well studied for active components but can also occur from the material in passive components and is then called passive intermodulation (PIM). The PIM energy levels are a concern when designing communication technology, especially satellites,

The adoption of virtual meeting platforms significantly increased during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, which was caused by the need for effective remote collaboration and communication tools. As a result of advancements in technology, virtual meeting platforms transformed their integral components into more than just video conferencing tools. A notable example is the integration of speech-to-te

This article focuses on the popular thin-film deposition technique chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and outlines its latest research in improving wear resistance. The article highlights how the wear resistance of thin film coatings can be improved through material selection, process parameter optimization, post-processing techniques and structural design. The combined application of these methods h

Denna avhandling utforskar inverkan av generativ AI på förstärkning av cyberkriminella aktiviteter, särskilt genom skapandet av bedrägligt innehåll och hur det påverkar offrens uppfattning. En serie formella experiment (n = 15) bedömde hur AI-genererat bedrägligt material jämför sig med mänskligt genererade bedrägerier när det gäller att påverka offer, med användning av modellen för sannolikhetsbaThis thesis explores the impact of generative AI on enhancing cybercriminal activities, particularly through the creation of fraudulent content that affects victim perception. A series of formal experiments (n = 15) assessed how AI-generated fraudulent materials compare to human-made frauds in influencing victims, using the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) and related cognitive research. The exp

With a growing global demand for improved surveillance and security, the thermal camera has seen its use cases and market share expand. Unlike the visual camera, the thermal camera does not require external illumination. Instead, it relies on the fact that all matter with a temperature above absolute zero emits thermal radiation. The thermal camera measures intensity, but another characteristic of

This thesis provides a way of generalizing the construction of affine schemes. Starting from objects in an arbitrary complete category C, the method will produce objects which resemble affine schemes. These objects will be called affine C-theoretic schemes. To each affine C-theoretic scheme a topological space and presheaf is produced similar to the theory of affine schemes. The study of affine C-