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Background: Most enveloped viruses bud from infected cells by a process in which viral intracellular core components interact with cytoplasmic domains of transmembrane spike glycoproteins. We have demonstrated previously that a tyrosine motif in the cytoplasmic domain of the Semliki Forest virus (SFV) spike glycoprotein E2 is absolutely essential for budding, In contrast, hardly anything is known
OBJECTIVES: 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) has a wide range of vascular effects mediated via specific receptors and it has been suggested to be a mediator in ischemic heart disease. The aim of the present study was to localise the 5-HT receptors within the vessel wall. METHODS: Epicardial coronary arteries obtained from patients undergoing cardiac transplantation, internal mammary arteries from heart
The conventional view that female reproductive success is unlikely to benefit from multiple mating has come under strong challenge in recent years. In the present study, we demonstrate that the time wild-caught reproductive female water pythons (Liasis fuscus) spent in the laboratory prior to oviposition affected both hatching success and the number of male microsatellite alleles detected in the b
In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) addresses metabolic pathways and their steady states in different tissue types. The brain has by tradition, and due to technical limitations in other organs, been one of the tissues most studied by MRS, and both 1H- and 31P-MRS have been used. Although 31P-MRS is outstanding for the evaluation of sources of metabolic energy in the brain, 1H-MRS has bec
Wind power projects frequently face public opposition during the siting process. A deeper understanding of social factors has therefore been called for. Based on psychological theories, the present research was initiated in order to study the relative importance of individual aspects related to visual perception and attitudinal factors in public intention to oppose local wind turbines. In an empir
The cloned capsaicin receptor, also known as vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (VR1) receptor, has been demonstrated to be an integral membrane protein with homology to a family of putative store-operated calcium channels. The VR1 receptor is activated not only by capsaicin but also by noxious heat and protons, and therefore it is suggested as a molecular integrator of chemical and physical stimuli tha
Multimode diode laser (MDL)-based correlation spectroscopy (COSPEC) was used to measure oxygen in ambient air, thereby employing a diode laser (DL) having an emission spectrum that overlaps the oxygen absorption lines of the A band. A sensitivity of 700 ppm m was achieved with good accuracy (2%) and linearity (R-2 = 0.999). For comparison, measurements of ambient oxygen were also performed by tuna
By including relevant physical properties in our modeling of a surface adsorbate system we can, from first principles, correctly calculate all experimentally observed features in the vibrational spectrum of CH3CH2O– and CD3CH2O– adsorbed on Cu(100). That is, we reproduce the number of observed modes, the vibrational frequencies, and intensities of the modes including the presence/absence of binary
A new implementation of the approximate coupled cluster singles and doubles CC2 linear response model using Cholesky decomposition of the two-electron integrals is presented. Significantly reducing storage demands and computational effort without sacrificing accuracy compared to the conventional model, the algorithm is well suited for large-scale applications. Extensive basis set convergence studi
To investigate the expression of cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 (PKG1)alpha and PKG1 beta in the corpus cavernosum, and to evaluate the effect of adenoviral gene transfer of PKG1 alpha to the erectile compartment on erectile function in a rat model of diabetes. Diabetic (DM; induced by streptozotocin) male Sprague Dawley rats were transfected with adenoviruses (AdCMV beta gal or AdCMVPKG1 alpha,
We use Cholesky decomposition of the density matrix in atomic orbital basis to define a new set of occupied molecular orbital coefficients. Analysis of the resulting orbitals ("Cholesky molecular orbitals") demonstrates their localized character inherited from the sparsity of the density matrix. Comparison with the results of traditional iterative localization schemes shows minor differences with
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) has a variety of biological effects, e.g. it induces and modulates vascular smooth muscle activity. The effects are mainly mediated via a hetergenous group of 5-HT receptor subtypes. In order to elucidate the 5-HT receptor mechanisms in the human splanchnic circulation, in vitro studies were carried out on omental arteries obtained from patients undergoing abdominal surg
The nociceptive spinal reflex system performs highly precise sensorimotor transformations that require functionally specified synaptic strengths. The specification is gradually attained during early development and appears to be learning dependent. Here we determine the time course of this specification for heat-nociceptive tail withdrawal reflexes and analyze which types of primary afferents are
Aims: The roles of the diverse populations of micro-organisms responsible for biodegradation of organic matter to form methane and carbon dioxide are rudimentarily understood. To expand the knowledge on links between microbial communities and the rate limiting, hydrolytic stage of two-stage biogas production from energy crops, this study was performed. Methods and Results: The process performance.
Phase behavior of aqueous amylopectin and beta-lactoglobulin system was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Polysaccharide-protein mixtures were prepared at different concentrations and left for equilibration; afterwards their spectra were recorded and correlated using Partial Least Square analysis. Tertiary phase diagrams were built for the system at different equilibration tim
Conjugate addition of the imino nitrogen of 2-aminobenzothiazoles 1 to the alkyne beta-carbon atom of acetylenic acids 2 followed by ring closure gives rise to novel 2H-pyrimido[2,1-b]-benzothiazol-2-ones in good yield.
Thin chromium cantilevers with sub-100 nm thickness have been characterized by an atomic force microscope operating in contact mode. A continuous determination of the local mechanical properties at all lengths was accomplished by applying force along the length of the cantilevers. The result show a decrease of the Young's modulus as the cantilevers get thinner.
