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Context. The spectra of fast-rotating A-type stars have strongly broadened absorption lines. This effect causes blending of the absorption lines, hindering the measurement of the abundances of the elements that are in the stellar photosphere.Aims. As the exoplanet transits across its host star, it obscures the stellar spectrum that is emitted from directly behind the planet. We aim to extract this

Context. Ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJ) have emerged as ideal testbeds for new techniques for studying exoplanet atmospheres. Only a limited number of them are currently well studied, however.Aims. We search for atmospheric constituents for the UHJ WASP-178 b with two ESPRESSO transits. Additionally, we show parallel photometry that we used to obtain updated and precise stellar, planetary, and orbital p

OBJECTIVE: Durable and stable phantoms for verifying and validating the new magnetomotive ultrasound technique are lacking. Here we propose a phantom design to address this need.METHODS: A mixture of styrene-butylene/ethylene-styrene (SEBS) in mineral oil and glass beads as a scattering material acted as a bulk material, in which a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) inclusion containing magnetic nanoparticle

Magnetomotive Ultrasound, MMUS, is an imaging modality used to reveal a magnetic contrast agent using an external time-varying inhomogeneous magnetic field. By this, the particles are set in motion, and the motion is detected with ultrasound. The technique has applications in cancer detection but is limited in penetration as the magnetic field decreases rapidly with distance. Instead of increasing

The design of polymer gears is an open challenge; several constraints must bechecked during the design process due to the complex relations between different design parameters and specifics of application. The failure modes are determined by the load level, used material pair, and operating conditions—speed of rotation, environment temperature, and lubrication. Polymer gear design is not a straigh

To meet climate targets, expanding Populus spp. tree cultivation is proposed as a potential biomass feedstock, especially on agricultural land that does not come into conflict with food production. However, biomass potential assessments typically overlook landowners' perspectives, risking a gap between theoretical potentials and realisation. Here, we test empirical consequences of two hypotheses b

Product design requirements are becoming more and more complex, while the number of available materials is increasing. Polymeric materials are still dominant in many applications, replacing other manufacturing materials. Gears are one of the mechanical parts that are increasingly made of plastic. To effectively replace metal materials, the design process and product material must meet all applicat

The book serves as a comprehensive and professional guide on polymer gears design and production. It provides the reader withan overview of the current developments in the field composite materials, testing, and applications of polymer gears. This includesmaterial development, tribological properties, simulations, and processing methods.Due to their efficient mechanical properties, light weight, a

AIM OF THE STUDY: to investigate the incidence of non-mapped isolated metastatic pelvic lymph nodes at pre-defined anatomical positions.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between June 2019 and January 2024, women with uterine-confined endometrial cancer (EC) deemed suitable for robotic surgery and the detection of pelvic sentinel nodes (SLNs) were included. An anatomically based, published algorithm utilizing

AIM: To evaluate the locations of metastatic pelvic sentinel nodes (SLN) and the proportion of SLNs outside and within defined typical anatomical positions along the upper paracervical lymphatic pathway (UPP).PATIENTS AND METHODS: Consecutive women with endometrial cancer (EC) of all risk groups underwent pelvic SLN-detection using cervically injected indocyanine green (ICG). A strict anatomically

Four directional and positional variants of sulfonamide-derivatized galactopyranosides were synthesized and evaluated against human galectin-1, -3, -4C (C-terminal), -7, -8N (N-terminal), -8C (C-terminal), -9N (N-terminal), and -9C (C-terminal), which revealed that one of the sulfonamide positions and directionalities (methyl 3-{4-[2-(phenylsulfonylamino)-phenyl]-triazolyl}-3-deoxy-α-D-galactopyra

Despite the immense importance of enzyme-substrate reactions, there is a lack of general and unbiased tools for identifying and prioritizing substrate proteins that are modified by the enzyme on the structural level. Here we describe a high-throughput unbiased proteomics method called System-wide Identification and prioritization of Enzyme Substrates by Thermal Analysis (SIESTA). The approach assu

Protein ADP-ribosylation is a reversible post-translational modification that regulates important cellular functions. The identification of modified proteins has proven challenging and has mainly been achieved via enrichment methodologies. Random mutagenesis was used here to develop an engineered Af1521 ADP-ribose binding macro domain protein with 1000-fold increased affinity towards ADP-ribose. T

DNA-encoded chemical libraries are increasingly used in pharmaceutical research because they enable the rapid discovery of synthetic protein ligands. Here we explored whether target-class focused DNA-encoded chemical libraries can be cost-effective tools to achieve robust screening productivity for a series of proteins. The study revealed that a DNA-encoded library designed for NAD+-binding pocket

Poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs1-16) play pivotal roles in diverse cellular processes. PARPs that catalyze poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) are the best characterized PARP family members because of the availability of potent and selective inhibitors for these PARPs. There has been comparatively little success in developing selective small-molecule inhibitors of PARPs that catalyze mono-ADP-ri

Pseudomonas are a common cause of hospital-acquired infections that may be lethal. ADP-ribosyltransferase activities of Pseudomonas exotoxin-S and -T depend on 14-3-3 proteins inside the host cell. By binding in the 14-3-3 phosphopeptide binding groove, an amphipathic C-terminal helix of ExoS and ExoT has been thought to be crucial for their activation. However, crystal structures of the 14-3-3β:E

A DNA-encoded chemical library (DECL) with 1.2 million compounds was synthesized by combinatorial reaction of seven central scaffolds with two sets of 343×492 building blocks. Library screening by affinity capture revealed that for some target proteins, the chemical nature of building blocks dominated the selection results, whereas for other proteins, the central scaffold also crucially contribute

A series of diaryl ethers were designed and synthesized to discern the structure activity relationships against the two closely related mono-(ADP-ribosyl)transferases PARP10 and PARP14. Structure activity studies identified 8b as a sub-micromolar inhibitor of PARP10 with ∼15-fold selectivity over PARP14. In addition, 8k and 8m were discovered to have sub-micromolar potency against PARP14 and demon

Macrodomains recognize intracellular adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation resulting in either removal of the modification or a protein interaction event. Research into compounds that modulate macrodomain functions could make important contributions. We investigated the interactions of all seven individual macrodomains of the human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family members PARP9, PARP14

During infection, the Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa employs its type III secretion system to translocate the toxin exoenzyme S (ExoS) into the eukaryotic host cell cytoplasm. ExoS is an essential in vivo virulence factor that enables P. aeruginosa to avoid phagocytosis and eventually kill the host cell. ExoS elicits its pathogenicity mainly via ADP-ribosyltransferase