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Background: Children aged 0–18 years who need long-term respiratory support rely on medical technology and comprehensive medical care. For this care to be provided at home, access to medical and social support and care is essential. In Sweden, the most notable form is personal care assistance (PCA), which is granted based on legislation and individual authority decisions. We aim to explore the imp

Diagnosing sepsis in critical care remains a challenge due to the lack of gold-standard diagnostics. Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) has been proposed as a diagnostic marker to identify sepsis in critically ill patients. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of calprotectin and C-reactive protein (CRP) to distinguish between sepsis and non-sepsis on intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Admissio

Two-dimensional electron liquids (2DELs) have increasing technological relevance for ultrafast electronics and spintronics, yet significant gaps in their fundamental understanding are exemplified on the prototypical SrTiO3. We correlate the exact SrTiO3(001) surface structure with distinct 2DELs through combined microscopic angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and non-contact atomic force mic

Purpose: The aim of this study was to translate the health-related quality-of-life questionnaire EORTC QLQ-LMC21 into Swedish and to test its clinical and psychometric reliability and validity in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing surgical treatment. Methods: The Swedish versions of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LMC21 were administered to 250 patients with liv

We exhibit supercritical trade-off for monotone circuits, showing that there are functions computable by small circuits for which any small circuit must have depth superlinear or even super-polynomial in the number of variables, far exceeding the linear worst-case upper bound. We obtain similar trade-offs in proof complexity, where we establish the first size-depth trade-offs for cutting planes an

Background: Fetal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been associated with reduced male fecundity, but with few studies considering chemical mixtures. Objectives: We assessed the association between fetal exposure to a mixture of EDCs and biomarkers of male fecundity in young adulthood. Materials and methods: The study population comprised 841 young adult males enrolled in the Fe

Introduction: Snus is suggested as a risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, but little is known about health effects in young populations, particularly in women. We aimed to investigate associations between snus and cardiometabolic health markers among young men and women. Aims and Methods: This study was conducted within the BAMSE (Swedish acronym for Children, Allergy, Environment, Stockholm,

Background: Vitamin D is metabolised throughout the male reproductive system, suggesting a direct regulatory role of vitamin D in male reproduction. Objectives: To investigate the association between plasma vitamin D levels at sperm ejaculation and during spermatogenesis and biomarkers of male fecundity in young men. Materials and methods: From the Fetal Programming of Semen Quality cohort, Denmar

Background: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been associated with cardiovascular diseases in adulthood, but studies examining childhood origins are scarce. Objective: To examine associations of childhood PAH exposure with cardiometabolic risk indicators in childhood and adolescence along with differences by sex. Methods: Urinary PAH metabolites [Σ1,2,3-hydroxyphenanthrene (Σ

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) emerges from mutant KRAS-harboring but dormant low-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). To examine the role of oxidative stress, a putative PDAC risk factor, we established an organoid-based transformation system. Although the prototypic oxidant H2O2 induced organoid transformation, its effect was nonmutational and was mediated by the oxidant-

Irradiation and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are widely utilized tools in hematopoietic research to generate myeloablation and assess blood recovery dynamics. A comprehensive understanding of their effects on the hematopoietic system is essential for optimizing therapeutic strategies, refining experimental models to modulate hematotoxicity, and interpreting research outcomes. Despite their widespread app

Birds regularly moult their feathers when they are worn from use such as mechanical wear damage due to UV exposure or accidents. Moulting generates temporary, generally symmetric, wing gaps, which can reduce flight performance by altering aerodynamic forces, lift and drag. Birds can compensate for some of these effects through mass loss, enlarged flight muscles, and adaptive wing morphing. To circ

The Swedish Research Council is a Swedish government agency and one of the major research financiers in Sweden. As such, its operations are governed by legislation and governmental instructions and policies, which prohibit discrimination and include equal treatment. Consequently, the Swedish Research Council has for a large number of years been working actively against gender bias in their reviews

Gaseous ammonia, while influential in atmospheric processes, is critically underrepresented in atmospheric measurements. This limits our understanding of key climate-relevant processes, such as new particle formation, particularly in remote regions. Here, we present highly sensitive, online observations of gaseous ammonia from a coastal site in Antarctica, which allows us to constrain the mechanis

Quantum information science has leaped forward with the exploration of high-dimensional quantum systems, offering greater potential than traditional qubits in quantum communication and quantum computing. To advance the field of high-dimensional quantum technology, a significant effort is underway to progressively enhance the entanglement dimension between two particles. An alternative effective st

To make surgery more precise and to shorten anesthesia-times for children undergoing surgery for Hirschsprung’s disease, ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) has been suggested to replace peroperative biopsy. The study’s aim was to determine quantitatively whether aganglionic and ganglionic bowel segments could be distinguished by UHFUS. Bowel specimens of 23 children operated on for rectosigmo

Background: In Sweden, dental care for children and adolescents, including specialist orthodontic treatment, is publicly funded. This study aims to analyze the impact of sociodemographic factors on the distribution of publicly funded specialist orthodontic treatment in a mid-sized Swedish region. Methods: A registry-based cohort study was conducted in Region Östergötland, including individuals bor

Introduction: The PI*Mmalton variant is a rare form of alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency, caused by a mutation in the SERPINA1 gene and associated with reduced AAT levels. Its clinical significance remains uncertain due to the limited number of reported cases. Methods: This study characterizes PI*Mmalton carriers within the EARCO (European Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Research Collaboration) registry an