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The PID controller is by far the most popular controller for process control in industry today [Åström and Murray, 2008]. The combination of its relatively simple usage and its satisfactory results within several areas has gained its popularity [Visioli, 2006]. However, the tuning of the controller is crucial. An automatic tuning method was developed by [Åström and Hägglund, 1984] in the mid-eight

Thesis purpose: The aims of this thesis are to investigate (1) the effect of sponsorship disclosure timing (before vs. after) on attitudes towards the brand and attitudes towards the vlogger in a beauty vlog context and (2) test a possible moderating effect of discount codes on the relationships between disclosure timing and attitudes towards the brand and the vlogger. These two aims were pursued

The Nigerian economy grew at an average rate of 7% between 20002011. However, recent drop in oil prices has led to calls for economic diversification away from oil. Using the services-led growth theoretical framework, this thesis provides an overview of the Nigerian service-sector. Through an analysis of descriptive statistics, the thesis showed that services have been contributing significantly t

Policy targeting the integration of cross-border regional innovation systems (CBRIS) plays a crucial role in terms of reaching the European Union’s cohesion goals. So far, little research has been done on how policy structures shape the integration of cross-border regional innovation systems. Applying Rogge and Reichardt’s (2016) policy mix for sustainability transitions concept to a cross-border

Forskningen om Emilie Flygare-Carléns (1807-1892) författarskap har länge framhävt en särskild relation till naturen, men sedan dess inträde i det sena 1900-talets genusvetenskapliga litteraturhistorier har denna relation komplicerats. Den här uppsatsen undersöker därför naturskildringar i författarens roman En natt vid Bullar-sjön (1847) med utgångspunkt i ekokritiska, dekonstruktivistiska perspeStudies of the authorship of Emilie Flygare-Carlén (1807-1892) have previously emphasised a distinct way of relating to nature in her writing, but the strengthened position of gender studies in examinations of literary history has complicated this relationship. For this reason, this essay analyses portrayals of nature in the author’s novel En natt vid Bullar-sjön (1847), from ecocritical, deconstr

There is a relationship between income inequality and economic performance. This relationship is based on different channels between income inequality and economic performance. These channels are based on incentives, investment opportunities, policy, and taxation. The effects of the different channels are noticeable after different time-periods. This paper tested if income inequality affects econo

Rising sea level is very frightening and can cause huge amount of damage, thus coastal protection is vital for protecting infrastructure, coastal environments and human lives against flooding. To build effcient coastal protection one has to know the magnitude of the flood. Usually one has little information of flooding since they don't occur very often, hence it can be hard to know how to bCoastal protection is vital for protecting infrastructure, coastal environments and human lives against flooding. Building ecient coastal protection requires a good understanding of maximum sea levels which might occur indifferent time periods in the future. Extreme value theory provides a mathematical framework for such analyses. On November 13, 1872 the biggest recorded sea level surge devastat

Contemporary Russia is among some of the most unequal countries. After the fall of the Soviet Union, economic inequality has rapidly increased, and social discontent is rising as demonstrated by the continuous protests that culminated in opposition rallies during March 2017. Despite these events, political stability characterizes the current conditions of the Russian regime. What are the forces ma

Inom partikelfysik studeras de minsta beståndsdelarna i vårt universum – de fundamentala partiklarna – och samspelet mellan de. Idag beskrivs partikelfysiken bäst av Standard Modellen. Enligt Standard Modellen finns det tre olika typer av partiklar: kvarkar, leptoner och bosoner. Kvarkar och leptoner är partiklarna som bygger upp materia, medan bosoner är så kallade ”kraftförmedlare” för de fundamParticle Physics is well described by the Standard Model (SM). However, there are phenomena in the universe that the model does not describe. Supersymmetry, which predicts a partner particle for all fundamental particles, is an extension of the SM that provides solutions to problems the SM cannot solve. Finding the partner particles is crucial in order to confirm the theory about Supersymmetry. Wh

Increasing global production fragmentation allows for emission displacement, which may counteract advanced nation’s domestic reductions of production-related carbon emissions. Consequently, input-output analysis has become a common tool to measure countries’ carbon footprint and emission trade balances based on national consumption instead of domestically produced CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, trad

To many families and children, playground visits are an important part of the daily life. Playing there can offer benefits like physical activity as well as practicing skills such as social interaction or creative ability. The purpose of the master thesis presented in this report, was to develop a new product line with playground equipment for HAGS Aneby AB. The playground equipment should allow

Water scarcity can have severe implications for society; endangering human health and food security whilst also exacerbating social conflict around the world. These issues are exemplified in the case of the Ferghana Valley in Central Asia, where much of the valley suffers from water scarcity and conflicts despite having adequate water sources. This scarcity is primarily due to how water is used, m

Entrepreneurship has historically played a major role on the growth of economies. Its impact on countries’ economic and employment growth has been theoretically as well as empirically studied. The literature indicates a clear positive relation of entrepreneurship to those macro figures. Nevertheless, new evidence discusses that more entrepreneurs do not always signify a quick growth rate. In the d

På senare år har förekomsten av mjölk som koagulerar dåligt eller inte alls vid tillsats av löpe upptäckts. Denna, så kallade NC (icke-koagulerande), mjölk ger ett minskat ostutbyte vilket kan ge negativa följder både ur ett ekonomiskt och miljömässigt perspektiv. Ost är ett uppskattat livsmedel i Sverige, som för många utgör en del av den dagliga kosten. Det är kanske inte så konstigt med tanke Cheese products are an essential part of the human diet, consequently making the ability of milk to coagulate a critical part for the dairy industry. However, milk that coagulates poorly or not at all after the addition of rennet has been found among several dairy cattle breeds, including Swedish Red cows. This master thesis was therefore aimed to evaluate and compare a number of compositional, ph

Augmented Reality, på svenska även kallat förstärkt verklighet, har lämnat labratoriestadiet och introducerats på konsumentmarknaden. Hittills har AR främst riktats mot användare för att tillföra ett nöje som exempelvis Snapchat:s filter. Många studier har gjorts för att mäta an- vändaracceptans av AR-appar, dock har de i regel utförts på studenter. Detta har medfört att majoriteten av studierna ä

Energy harvesting enables products to become more self-sufficient of power and offers the possibility to avoid battery exchange and power cables. The performance and applicability of the most promising or popular small scale energy harvesting technologies are investigated in this thesis. The focus lies on the amount of potential energy that can be harvested and how limited the technology is to a s

Organizations struggle to rapidly respond to competitive and changing business environments and therefore implement smarter Information Systems that incorporate automated decision services. An imminent role for complementing automated decision making are analytics, as it can evaluate past performances to provide insights on potential future decision making endeavors. While the consensus on how ana

Digitalisering av sjukvården tar idag stor plats i samhällsdiskussionen och ses som ett sätt att möta utmaningarna sjukvården står inför. En förutsättning för ett effektiviserat sjukvårdssystem är en förstärkt och effektiviserad primärvård. E-hälsa och digital teknik är viktiga verktyg för att kunna uppnå detta. I Sverige finns ett fåtal digitala vårdcentraler. För att de ska vara en långsiktig lö

This study examines if there are positive effects of constructing portfolios based on value and momentum. Three value portfolios (low, medium, high) and three momentum portfolios are constructed using large cap stocks from the four Nordic Nasdaq OMX exchanges. The portfolios are then re-sorted on an annual basis over the test period 2005-2016. Furthermore, two long-short market neutral portfolios

Den här fallstudien syftar till att analysera och förklara varför ett visst samhälle i Anderna i norra Peru som arbetar och fungerar under kooperativ som social ordning har varit relativt sett framgångsrik när det gäller att skapa arbetstillfällen och en till synes mer utvecklad organisation. Atahualpa-Jerusalen bildades som ett kooperativ I kölvattnet av jordreformen från 1969 i Peru. Under 1970-This case study aims to analyse and explain why a specific community in the Andes of Northern Peru working under the social organisation of cooperative has been relatively successful in creating work opportunities and an apparent higher level of development and organisation. In the aftermath of the agrarian reform in Peru of 1969 Atahualpa-Jerusalen was formed as a cooperative. In the seventies, m