Using density matrix theory, the linear and ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of a recently developed terahertz quantum cascade laser are investigated. All relevant excitation regimes, from coherent Rabi flopping up to the scattering dominated stationary response, are covered by the theory. It is shown that the coherence transfer between different periods is important to describe optical effe

Background: The role of inflammation as part of the explanation of socioeconomic differences in carotid atherosclerosis has not been specifically investigated. Methods and Results: The associations between socioeconomic position (SEP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and preclinical carotid atherosclerosis were investigated in a general population sample of 3921 middle-aged Swedish men and women. Common

Recent claims of cultivable ancient bacteria within sealed environments highlight our limited understanding of the mechanisms behind long-term cell survival. It remains unclear how dormancy, a favored explanation for extended cellular persistence, can cope with spontaneous genomic decay over geological timescales. There has been no direct evidence in ancient microbes for the most likely mechanism,

Papillary secretion is a common symptom in the breast clinic with many different underlying causes like intraductal papilloma, mammary duct ectasia, infected cysts and abscesses, breast cancer/carcinoma in situ (CIS) and rarely pituitary adenoma. The association with cancer/CIS is one of the two main concerns of the patient and must always be ruled out. The second item is that spontaneous and ongo

To automate the acquisition of images from fluorescently stained gels, the power of the excitation laser(s) must be optimized for each sample to prevent spot saturation (or to allow unimportant spots to saturate) yet still retaining sensitivity. In this work, we describe the implementation and effectiveness of a pre-scan function in a robotic solution for the automation of 2D gel scanning.

At the age of 33 and mother of seven children (the husband a shawowy figure), Mrs Grönvall started a small but soon renowed hand book bindery in the town of Malmö in Southern Sweden in 1893. Mostly self-taught herself, through the years she housed and trained several apprentices and journeyman of wich some opened binderies of their own. At the Arts and Crafts Exhibition in Malmö 1907 she was award

While the N400 component in adults is sensitive to both semantic incongruity and semantic relatedness between stimulus items, the N400 in toddlers has only been shown as an incongruity effect so far. The present event-related potential (ERP) study aimed to investigate whether the N400 in toddlers also indexes semantic relatedness between single words. To address this issue, we developed a unimodal

The process of photoactivation has been studied in dark grown cells of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. A mutant, FUD 39, lacking the Cl-concentrating 23-kDa psbP protein of photosystem II was found to have a decreased capability to perform photoactivation. The yield of the process never reached wild type level, and contrary to the wild type, it was highly dependent on the intensity of the activating li

Background: Between smokers matched for daily tobacco consumption there are marked variations of the cardiovascular risk. This follow up of the population based cohort “Men born in 1914” from Malmö, Sweden, explored whether this is accounted for by the levels of carbon monoxide (CO). Methods: Three hundred and sixty-five men without history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were followed over 27

For most associations of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with common diseases, the genetic model of inheritance is unknown. The authors extended and applied a Bayesian meta-analysis approach to data from 19 studies on 17 replicated associations with type 2 diabetes. For 13 SNPs, the data fitted very well to an additive model of inheritance for the diabetes risk allele; for 4 SNPs, th

A new principle in constructing molecular complexes from the known high-resolution domain structures joining data from NMR and small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements is described. Structure of calmodulin in complex with trifluoperazine was built from N- and C-terminal domains oriented based on residual dipolar couplings measured by NMR in a dilute liquid crystal, and the overall shape of

OBJECTIVE: Patients with extensive and long-standing ulcerative colitis have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer and sub-epithelial fibrosis. The polypeptide transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) has mitogenic effects and it is believed that local overproduction may result in tumour formation and fibrosis. DESIGN: In the present study, we correlated the presence of TGF-alpha i

Non-typable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is an important human-specific respiratory pathogen colonizing the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract. The bacterium is a common cause of acute otitis media in children and exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). An immunoglobulin (Ig) D-lambda myeloma protein was found to detect a 16kDa surface protein that we desig

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA or hK3) is a glandular kallikrein with abundant expression in the prostate that is widely used to detect and monitor prostate cancer (PCa), although the serum level is frequently elevated also in benign and inflammatory prostatic diseases. PSA testing is useful for early detection of localized PCa and for the detection of disease recurrence after treatment. However,

We investigate the coalescence of two DNA bubbles initially located at weak domains and separated by a more stable barrier region in a designed construct of double-stranded DNA. In a continuum Fokker-Planck approach, the characteristic time for bubble coalescence and the corresponding distribution are derived, as well as the distribution of coalescence positions along the barrier. Below the meltin

Speech variation of speakers is a crucial issue for speaker recognition and identification, especially for forensic practice. Greater intra-speaker variation is one main reason for incorrect speaker identification in real forensic situations. Understanding the stability of acoustic parameters and their variation in speech is therefore significant for the evaluation of effective parameters for spea

Solvation forces between large surfaces in athermal polymer solutions, in which both solvent particles and polymers are adsorbed at the surfaces, are studied with density functional theory. We investigate how the range of the surface potential affects the net interaction between the surfaces. Predictions from treatments in which the solvent is explicitly induced are compared with those obtained wi