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Den svenska straffrätten har under det senaste århundradet genomgått en mängd förändringar. Allt som oftast har påföljdssystemet varit utformad efter de för tillfället förhärskande bestraffningsteorierna. Det finns en lång tradition av särbehandling av unga lagöverträdare i Sverige och till viss del så tas hänsyn till andra intressen när det gäller ungdomar. Denna framställning ska besvara frågornSwedish penal law has undergone many changes over the last centuries. The sanction system has most often been modelled on penalization theories dominant at the time. Sweden has a long tradition of special treatment of young offenders, and other interest are to some extent taken into consideration when it comes to juvenile offenders compared to adults. This essay will answer the questions of which

En övergång från traditionsprincipen till avtalsprincipen för att uppnå sakrättsligt skydd avseende köp av lösöre har diskuterats en längre tid. Traditionsprincipens innebörd kan sägas vara att en köpare uppnår sakrättsligt skydd då köparen har fått varan i sin besittning, eller annars avskurit säljaren från dennes rådighet över varan. I en nyligen presenterad utredning så föreslår LösöreköpskommiA frequently discussed topic among Swedish legal scholars is the Swedish system concerning perfection of rights in rem, i.e. the requirements which must be fulfilled if a purchaser or pledgee is to become protected against all third parties’ rights on the sellers or pledgors’ side. A new government committe proposes a legally defined principle of contract regarding purchases of goods, i.e. the p

Utifrån en de lege ferenda-undersökning och med traditionell rättsdogmatisk metod behandlar uppsatsen förhållandet mellan vattenverksamhetsutred-ningen och egendomsskyddet i EKMR. EU ställer hårda krav på vattenkvalitet. Sverige når inte upp till kraven. Den svenska lagstiftningen tillåter särskilda rättigheter och tillstånd givna enligt lagstiftning från början av 1900-talet, trots syftet med tThis essay deals with the relations between EU human rights law and Swedish environmental law. EU law sets strict demands on the quality of water in all their member states. Sweden has not succeeded with these requirements. The Swedish system allows permit for water operations that was given according to laws from the beginning of the 20th century. The purpose of the laws then was to explore the h

För att förhindra materiellt oriktiga domar, tillämpas ett högt beviskrav. Allmänhetens rättstrygghet får därmed ge vika för den tilltalades rättighet att inte utsättas för en risk att bli felaktigt dömd. Vidare har den tilltalade enligt art 6 EKMR en rätt till tystnad under rättegången. Följaktligen kan en domstol inte basera en fällande dom enbart på den tilltalades tystnad. Utifrån en rättsdogmA high standard of proof is used in criminal trials to prevent erroneous convictions. The accused has the right not to be exposed to the risk of being wrongfully convicted. A criminal defendant who is being prosecuted also has a right to silence. Thus it is incompatible with the right to silence to base a conviction solely on the defendant’s silence. This paper examines whether the standard of pro

Väpnade konflikter och andra oroligheter i världen har lett till att många människor flyr sina hemländer och söker trygghet i något annat land. Många försöker ta sig till Europa. I brist på lagliga vägar tar många irreguljära vägar som ofta medför stora risker. Det vanligaste sättet är att korsa Medelhavet. De flesta båtfärder börjar i Turkiet med mål att ta sig till någon av de grekiska öarna. EUArmed conflicts and other forms of violence has led to an increasing number of people leaving their home countries in search of safety elsewhere. Many try to get to Europe. In the absence of legal ways many people take irregular routes which usually involve high risks. Crossing the Mediterranean is the most common route. Most boats have Turkey as their starting point with the goal to reach one of

Världen över finns det idag flickor, kvinnor och pojkar som inte får leva ut sin fulla potential, som inte får njuta av sina mänskliga och grundläggande rättigheter och friheter. Människor som förtrycks, utsätts för våld och i värsta fall även berövas livet. Deras brott är att de vill leva sina liv, såsom de själva vill. Hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck är ett angeläget samhällsproblem som angåThere are today people around the world who are not able to live their lives as they want. People who are oppressed, victims of violence and in worst case scenario even killed. Their committed crime is that the want to live their life, just the way they want. Honor related violence and oppression is a problem for the whole society. This paper aims to investigate whether this problem is best foug

Enligt 2:7 § konkurrenslagen och artikel 102 i fördraget om Europeiska unionens funktionssätt kan dominerande företag efter bedömning fällas för missbruk av dominerande ställning. EU-domstolen har icke desto mindre yttrat att dominerande företag som klandras för missbruk har möjlighet att undgå fällande dom, om det föreligger en objektiv rättfärdigandegrund i det enskilda fallet. Vad som kan utgör

Homosexuella har i Sverige genom historien ständigt varit utsatta och diskriminerade. Homosexuella handlingar var kriminaliserade från 1608 till 1944 med undantag för införandet av 1734 års lag då den uttryckliga kriminaliseringen togs bort. Sedermera infördes kriminaliseringen åter i 1864 års strafflag. 1944 ersattes kriminaliseringen med en sjukdomsklassificering som varade till 1979. Under andThis paper examines the legislation that concerns the historical development of homosexuals’ rights in Sweden, with emphasis on the debate that led to the gender neutral definition of marriage. Homosexuals have, throughout the history, been exposed to discrimination in various ways. From 1608 until 1734 homosexual acts were outlawed, to be criminalized again in the Criminal law from 1864. In 1944

Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda hur rättstillämpningen i hovrätterna mellan 2009-2015 sett ut för fall rörande (risk för) överföring av hiv vid sexuellt umgänge och jämföra detta med gällande rätt. För att kunna få en inblick i de straffrättsliga bedömningarna som görs i hivfallen så förklaras vad hiv är, den epidemiologiska situationen i Sverige, relevant lagstiftning och gällande rätt med säThe aim of the thesis is to investigate how the Swedish courts of appeal during the years 2009-2015 have handled cases of exposure to or transmission of HIV through sexual contact and to compare this to established law. To get some insight into how these cases are handled in criminal law the paper first describes what HIV is, the epidemiological situation in Sweden, applicable law and the establi

The use of motion expressions to describe objects that are actually static (e.g. “The train tracks curves through the mountain”) has been of interest within the fields of linguistics and cognitive science for at least three decades (e.g. Langacker, 1990; Matsumuto, 1996; Talmy, 2000a; Matlock, 2004a; Zlatev & Blomberg, 2013). In this thesis, such descriptions will be referred to as Non-Actual

The aim of this research is to critically investigate and analyze the possible links between the emerging paradigm of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable tourism, as well if it can be considered for further improvements of mass tourism planning and management in the islands of the Bahamas. This study enquires into the Bahamas’ relative history of mass tourism, the role of mass to

Listeria monocytogens causes the disease listeriosis, and the most common way the infection is spreading in the environment is believed to be through food. Listeriosis is a rare infection, but can cause serious symptoms in risk groups as the elderly, people with compromised immunesystems, pregnant women and their fetuses, mortality rate is 20-30%. There are two types of listeriosis, the first one

The United States and the European Union operate under the similar design of a federal structure and their labor markets face similar tax discrimination challenges. Case law illustrates how the goal of a common market present in both unions is highly influential on the respective Courts and provides a flexible structure to protect individuals against discriminatory tax legislation. It is the centr

The purpose of this study was to further investigate whether the national funda-mental values have been implemented in the different municipalities’ goals for the elderly care and how this was followed-up and evaluated, in order to achieve a deepened knowledge of how the different municipalities worked with their own quality assurance within this particular field of practice. In order to answer ou

Today, most cities and municipalities in Sweden have objectives and visions of a sustainable urban development. The idea of “the sustainable city” usually contains a city that is green, densely built, have a variety of housing, a developed public transport system and good conditions for walking and cycling. During recent years, more and more critics argue that the way we plan for parking in cities

Organic production of beef is viewed as one strategy to mitigate negative externalities deriving from beef production. This study seeks to characterize key attributes of production among organic and conventional beef producers in Skåne, Sweden. The goal is to understand the extent to which their differentiation as organic or conventional is based on the practices which make them semantically diffe

Pelare som utsätts för tryck kan behöva stabiliseras för att inte böja ut oönskat mycket i sidled. För att stabilisera pelaren måste fjäderstyvheten i det stabiliserande stödet vara tillräckligt stort. Detta för att undvika instabilitetsbrott men också för att fjäderkraften i stödet inte ska bli för stor. För en pelare med en led i toppen och i botten beräknas vanligen Eulers knäckningslast P_e=(Columns under vertical point loads will need a brace in order not to bend out in a mode of column buckling. To stabilize the column, a sufficient brace stiffness needs to be given, both to avoid column instability and to reduce the horizontal force which occurs in the brace. Column buckling is usually determined by Eulers buckling formula P_e=(π^2 EI)/l^2 . This is the value when buckling occurs r

Neoliberalism, as a loosely defined set of political beliefs, calls for more individual freedom and autonomy, resulting in increased responsibility for each person to address major societal issues. ‘Individualization’ is the process by which responsibility for addressing major environmental issues such as climate change is placed on individuals. In this thesis I investigate whether individualizati

Various research within the field of behavioral economics have proven payment mechanisms to be affecting consumer behavior, giving rise to the question what kind of impact different shopping methods may have. This paper investigates consumer behavior with two different approaches. The first approach is comparing self scanning consumers with consumers using traditional cashier check out, and the se

Today a majority of the world’s population is living in urban areas and this trend is expected to continue in the foreseeable future. Globalization plays a key role in the expansion of urban areas as well as urban-related social, economic and environmental problems. Accelerating pace of life together with the globalization of the economy and culture has brought with it homogenization of lives and