Filtyp
In a push to better protect the natural environment from rising levels of micropollutants, the revision of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) is the first time EU regulation mandates advanced (quaternary) wastewater treatment for large municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Consequently, a substantial number of WWTPs must adopt said quaternary treatment. While Germany already
Child marriage (defined as any union in which at least one partner is below the age of 18) affects approximately 30% of Brazilian married women and constitutes a fundamental violation of human rights. Despite its prevalence, the long-term consequences of early marriage for intra-household dynamics remain empirically underexplored in Brazil. Using data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS), th
This thesis examines how environmental sustainability is emerging, adopted, and diffused across permanent motorsport circuits, an underrepresented group within sports facility research that operates under complex operational demands and increasing scrutiny from regulators, championships, and the public. Using Diffusion of Innovations and institutional theory, the study investigates the motivations
Photovoltaic (PV) technology stands at the core of the EU’s energy transition, yet its rapid expansion points to an inevitable surge in future waste streams. Currently, decommissioned modules are managed under the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive. This framework was originally tailored for short-lived consumer electronics, creating a profound structural mismatch with PV m
Agricultural just transitions are gaining traction in both academic literature and in European Union (EU) policy circles. Farmer protests and subsequent rollbacks of environmental measures following the introduction of the 2023–2027 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) raised concerns about the fairness of environmental transitions for farmers. Although the European Commission’s proposed strategy for
Motivated by the democratic and environmental shortcomings of traditional energy governance models, this research investigates how democratic governance within an energy community (EC) influences members orientations and practices towards energy sufficiency. This study conducted an in-depth case study of the island-based cooperative Energía Bonita in La Palma, Canary Islands. Responding to critiqu
Demand-side policy instruments to curb agricultural emissions are increasingly gaining traction. Dietary changes, in particular a reduction in meat consumption, contribute to realizing a more comprehensive transition towards sustainable agriculture. As an effective policy instrument, a tax on meat is widely discussed. Despite its multiple benefits for public health, greenhouse gas reduction, and s
Firms operate in an increasingly uncertain world characterized by armed conflict, unstable trade regimes, and shifting environmental regulations. The Swedish manufacturing industry is exposed to these uncertainties through its reliance on export markets, global supply chains, energy-intensive production, and EU sustainability reporting regulation. This thesis explores how perceived uncertainty amo
Generation Alpha, those born between 2010 and 2024, are becoming the largest generation of active consumers by 2040, yet their engagement with contemporary marketing strategies remains largely unexplored. This qualitative thesis examines how Gen Alpha's sense of self shapes their engagement with Limited Edition Co-Branding (LECB), addressing a gap at the intersection of identity formation, sca
Current agricultural practices are not sustainable to meet the demands of a growing global population, requiring alternative methods to produce food ingredients, such as proteins, oils, and fats. The emerging field of novel food, including precision fermentation and cultivated meat, presents new approaches, but needs further research to reach scalable commercial viability. Improved understanding o
Det övergripande syftet med denna uppsats är att klargöra begreppet den demokratiska rättsstaten och de principer som upprätthåller den, samt att identifiera och analysera de samtida hot och utmaningar som den demokratiska rättsstaten står inför. I en osäker och turbulent omvärld, där geopolitiska maktbalanser skiftar, är forskning om rättsstatens innebörd och skyddsmekanismer av stor betydelse. FThe main aim of this essay is to clarify the concept of the democratic rule of law and the principles that uphold it, as well as to identify and analyze the contemporary threats and challenges it faces. In an uncertain world of shifting geopolitical balances of power, research on the meaning of the rule of law and its protective mechanisms is of significant importance. To fulfil this purpose, the
Bonded joints is one of the most common connecting methods between components made from Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers, CFRP parts and especially in aviation applications. However, the strength of such bonds is largely affected by the surface preparation, where sanding being the most established but also a very time-consuming option. This thesis investigates the effect that surface preparation h
This thesis examines whether aerial bombing during the Spanish Civil War shaped the long-run demographic trajectories of Catalan municipalities. Using municipal-level bombing data and population records from 1900 to 2000, the analysis combines OLS regressions, difference-in- differences, an event study, and heterogeneity by settlement type. The results show that bombed municipalities were already
Inom processrätten har det länge uttryckts att hypotetiska händelseförlopp är svåra att bevisa. I de nya rättsfallen NJA 2025 s. 1231 ”Konsignationsavtalet” och HD:s dom 2026–07–09 i mål nr T 8371-24 ”Innovationen” har domstolen dock uttalat att ett hypotetiskt händelseförlopp i sig inte utgör skäl för ett sänkt beviskrav. Hypotetiska händelseförlopp förekommer ofta i skadeståndsmål, såväl vid bedIt has long been acknowledged in procedural law that hypothetical sequences of events are difficult to prove. However, in the recent cases NJA 2025 p. 1231 ”Konsignationsavtalet” and the Swedish Supreme Court’s judgment of 09–07–2026, in case no. T 8371-24 ”Innovationen”, the court stated that a hypothetical sequence of events does not, in itself, constitute grounds for an alleviation of evidentia
När myndigheter ska meddela beslut utgör delgivningsprocessen en grundsten i rättssäkerheten i svensk rätt. Den säkerställer möjligheten för den enskilde att få kännedom om myndighetens ingripande och ger denna en möjlighet att utöva sin rätt att överklaga. I huvudregel innebär delgivningen att personen blir medveten om beslutet. Lagstiftningen kräver dock inte att personen läser genom handlingen When public authorities are required to communicate decisions the service of process constitutes a cornerstone of legal certainty within the Swedish legal system. It ensures the individual's opportunity to become aware of the authority's intervention and allows them to exercise their right to appeal. As a rule, service of process means that the person becomes aware of the decision. However
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) possess exceptional chemical stability due to their strong carbon–fluorine bonds, resulting in environmental persistence and degradation challenges. Therefore, developing efficient methods for carbon-fluorine bond cleavage is essential for future recycling and remediation strategies. This work investigates lanthanide-mediated reductive defluorination of 1
Uppsatsen undersöker brottet förolämpning mot tjänsteman i 17 kap. 3 § brottsbalken, som infördes den 2 juli 2025, ur ett yttrandefrihetsperspektiv. Syftet är att klarlägga vilken förändring av det straffrättsliga skyddsintresset som bestämmelsen innebär, hur underrätterna har dragit gränsen mellan straffbar förolämpning och legitima eller spontana uttryck för missnöje samt i vilken utsträckning rThis thesis examines the offence of insulting a public official under Chapter 17, section 3 of the Swedish Criminal Code, which entered into force on 2 July 2025, from a freedom of expression perspective. Its purpose is to clarify how the provision changes the interest protected by criminal law, how the lower courts have distinguished punishable insults from legitimate or spontaneous expressions o
Denna uppsats behandlar och diskuterar yttrandefrihet i relation till brottet hets mot folkgrupp i Sverige och Tyskland i ett komparativt perspektiv. Undersökningen består i en genomgång av de regler som garanterar yttrandefrihet i Sverige och Tyskland samt straffbudet hets mot folkgrupp i Sverige och totalt tre brott i Tyskland som kan sägas motsvara hets mot folk-grupp i Sverige. I Sverige har
