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Disturbances play a key role in forest dynamics globally, with various effects on productivity. Tree diversity is expected to attenuate the negative impact of disturbance on forest productivity, but its overall effect has been little explored and might depend on the functional composition. Here, we analysed whether forest productivity responses to disturbances were modulated by structural and func
The Kunming-Montréal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted at COP15, establishes a clear mandate to mobilize funding from diverse sources to address the escalating biodiversity crisis. Despite growing awareness and commitment to biodiversity conservation, a substantial financing gap persists, hindering efforts to protect and restore ecosystems effectively. This chapter provides an in-depth examin
Glycosaminoglycans are structurally diverse polysaccharides that play essential roles in cellular signaling, extracellular matrix organization, and disease progression. Despite their biological importance, the mechanisms of GAG biosynthesis remain not fully understood. This thesis aims to advance mechanistic insight into the biosynthetic machinery and to develop chemical tools and inhibitors targe
Heart failure is a global health concern whose burden is increasing as our population ages. Early diagnosis and accurate prognosis are critical for improving outcomes, highlighting the need for novel methods that can better identify and elucidate the pathophysiology of heart failure. The cardinal symptom of heart failure is exercise intolerance, yet most cardiac imaging is performed at rest, poten
Multiple studies have demonstrated that cancer cells with microsatellite instability (MSI) are intolerant to loss of the Werner syndrome helicase (WRN), whereas microsatellite-stable (MSS) cancer cells are not. Therefore, WRN represents a promising new synthetic lethal target for developing drugs to treat cancers with MSI. Given the uncertainty of how effective inhibitors of WRN activity will prov
Histone chaperones control nucleosome density and chromatin structure. In yeast, the H3-H4 chaperone Spt2 controls histone deposition at active genes but its roles in metazoan chromatin structure and organismal physiology are not known. Here we identify the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of SPT2 (CeSPT-2) and show that its ability to bind histones H3-H4 is important for germline development and t
Genotoxic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) can be repaired by error-free homologous recombination (HR) or mutagenic non-homologous end-joining 1 . HR supresses tumorigenesis 1 , but is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle when a sister chromatid
Homologous recombination (HR) is an important route for repairing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). The early stages of HR are well understood, but later stages remain mysterious. In this issue of Genes & Development, Hustedt and colleagues (pp. 1397–1415) reveal HROB as a new player in HR required for recruitment of the MCM8–9 complex, which is paralogous to the MCM2–7 replicative helicase. HR
DNA sequence and epigenetic information embedded in chromatin must be faithfully duplicated and transmitted to daughter cells during cell division. However, how chromatin assembly and DNA replication are integrated remains unclear. We examined the contribution of the Tousled-like kinases 1 and 2 (TLK1/TLK2) to chromatin assembly and maintenance of replication fork integrity. We show that TLK activ
After DNA replication, chromosomal processes including DNA repair and transcription take place in the context of sister chromatids. While cell cycle regulation can guide these processes globally, mechanisms to distinguish pre- and post-replicative states locally remain unknown. Here we reveal that new histones incorporated during DNA replication provide a signature of postreplicative chromatin, re
During DNA replication, chromatin is reassembled by recycling of modified old histones and deposition of new ones. How histone dynamics integrates with DNA replication to maintain genome and epigenome information remains unclear. Here, we reveal how human MCM2, part of the replicative helicase, chaperones histones H3-H4. Our first structure shows an H3-H4 tetramer bound by two MCM2 histone-binding
Genomgång av källäget rörande ett förment citat av Sten Broman.
This thesis is focused on the investigation of the ultrafast structural response of the phase change material (PCM) Ge$_2$Sb$_2$Te$_5$ following laser excitation. Phase change materials are a group of materials capable of rapid, non-volatile, switching between an amorphous and a crystalline phase. The two phases exhibit high optical and electrical contrast, meaning the optical reflectivity and the
Kulturarv har blivit en alltmer politiserad fråga och väcker debatt om tillhörighet, inkludering och identitet, inte minst i relation till nationen. Samtidigt betonas kulturarvens betydelse i frågor som rör lärande, digitalisering, tillväxt, innovation och hållbarhet.I denna antologi undersöker författarna samspelet mellan kulturarvspedagogik och politik inom olika delar av kulturarvssektorn – sås
BACKGROUND: Catheterization of the vein is frequently a painful procedure. Assessing venous cannulation induced pain (VCP) before surgery have been used to predict the intensity of postoperative pain and postoperative opioid consumption. The aim of this study was to investigate the intra-individual variation in venous cannulation induced pain at three consecutive time points and factors influencin
