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Aluminum is a promising carbon-free energy carrier, but advancing its use requires detailed understanding of its combustion behavior at the single-particle level. Measuring the transient surface temperatures of burning aluminum droplets is particularly challenging due to their small size, extreme temperatures, and fast dynamics. In this work, we demonstrate a multispectral pyrometry approach based

High-brightness electron bunches drive fundamental research in particle physics and photon science. Key to achieving a high brightness is to have a low transverse emittance, which ensures that the bunch can be tightly focussed. In radiofrequency accelerators a low initial emittance can be rapidly degraded due to space charge forces, which are greatly diminished once the electron bunch attains a re

Radio-frequency particle accelerators are engines of discovery, powering high-energy physics and photon science, but are also large and expensive due to their limited accelerating fields. Plasma-wakefield accelerators (PWFAs) provide orders-of-magnitude stronger fields in the charge-density wave behind a particle bunch travelling in a plasma, promising particle accelerators of greatly reduced size

For plasma-wakefield accelerators to fulfill their potential for cost effectiveness, it is essential that their energy-transfer efficiency be maximized. A key aspect of this efficiency is the near-complete transfer of energy, or depletion, from the driver electrons to the plasma wake. Achieving full depletion is limited by the process of re-acceleration, which occurs when the driver electrons dece

Detailed knowledge of particle-beam properties is of great importance to understand and push the performance of existing and next-generation particle accelerators. We recently proposed a phase-space tomography method to reconstruct the five-dimensional (5D) phase space, i.e., the charge density distribution in all three spatial directions and the two transverse momenta. Here, we present the first

FLASHForward is an experimental facility at DESY dedicated to beam-driven plasma-accelerator research. The X-2 experiment aims to demonstrate acceleration with simultaneous beam-quality preservation and high energy efficiency in a compact plasma stage. We report on the completed commissioning, first experimental results, ongoing research topics, as well as plans for future upgrades.

Economic policy instruments are commonly used to address environmental problems. This study examines the historical development of the carbon tax in Sweden. By using the concept of epistemic culture, this study shows how carbon emissions, rather than energy use alone, emerged as an object of taxation. While the leading politicians saw the carbon tax as an innovative instrument for demonstrating cl

Soil microorganisms regulate carbon (C) cycling, and their growth and respiration are strongly dependent on temperature. Yet it remains unclear how warming alters microbial thermal traits, community structure, and the balance between microbial respiration and growth, particularly in subtropical ecosystems where high temperatures coincide with low soil moisture, potentially constraining microbial a

In the years between 1915 and 1921, Harvard professor of Slavic Languages Leo Wiener (1862–1939) published a controversial and now largely forgotten series of philological studies which sought to prove that that all textual sources testifying to the languages, laws, customs, and beliefs of the ancient Germanic peoples had been forged in the eighth century C.E. by a group of Arabicized Goths in the

Background: General practitioners (GPs) do not see men with localised urinary tract infection (UTI) very often which limits their possibility of developing expertise in the area. To gain knowledge of male patients' experiences and perspectives on localised UTIs, qualitative research is needed.Aim: To explore expectations, experiences and symptoms in men with localised urinary tract infection in prBackgroundGeneral practitioners (GPs) do not see men with localised urinary tract infection (UTI) very often which limits their possibility of developing expertise in the area. To gain knowledge of male patients’ experiences and perspectives on localised UTIs, qualitative research is needed.AimTo explore expectations, experiences and symptoms in men with localised urinary tract infection in primar

We present an updated characterization of the planetary system orbiting the nearby M2 dwarf GJ 3090 (TOI-177; d=22 pc), based on new high-precision radial velocity (RV) observations from NIRPS and HARPS. With an orbital period of 2.85 d, the transiting sub-Neptune GJ 3090 b has a mass we refine to 4.52 ± 0.47 M>, which, combined with our derived radius of 2.18 ± 0.06 R2, yields a density of 2.40-0

This paper presents the characterisation and testing of the first wafer-scale monolithic stitched sensor (MOSS) prototype developed for the ALICE ITS3 upgrade that is to be installed during the LHC Long Shutdown 3 (2026–2030). The MOSS chip design is driven by the truly cylindrical detector geometry that imposes that each layer is built out of two wafer-sized, bent silicon chips. The stitching tec

The intense stellar irradiation of ultra-hot Jupiters results in some of the most extreme atmospheric environments in the planetary regime. On their daysides, temperatures can be sufficiently high for key atmospheric constituents to thermally dissociate into simpler molecular species and atoms. This dissociation drastically changes the atmospheric opacities and, in turn, critically alters the temp

Context. The Near InfraRed Planet Searcher (NIRPS) joined HARPS on the 3.6-m ESO telescope at La Silla Observatory in April 2023, dedicating part of its Guaranteed Time Observations (GTO) program to the radial velocity follow-up of TESS planet candidates to confirm and characterize transiting planets around M dwarfs. Aims. We present the “Sub-Neptunes” subprogram of the NIRPS-GTO, aimed at investi

Neophobia, or aversion to novelty, is important for adaptability and survival as it influences the ways in which animals navigate risk and interact with their environments. Across individuals, species and other taxonomic levels, neophobia is known to vary considerably, but our understanding of the wider ecological drivers of neophobia is hampered by a lack of comparative multispecies studies using

The pseudorapidity distribution of charged hadrons produced in Au+Au collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sNN = 200 GeV is measured using data collected by the sPHENIX detector. Charged hadron yields are extracted by counting cluster pairs in the inner and outer layers of the Intermediate Silicon Tracker, with corrections applied for detector acceptance, reconstruction efficiency, combinatoria