Heart rate response and recovery in cycle exercise testing : normal values and association with mortality
Aims. Chronotropic incompetence and impaired heart rate (HR) recovery are related to mortality. Guidelines lack specific reference values for HR recovery. We defined normal values and studied blunted HR response and recovery and mortality risk. Methods and results. We included 9917 subjects (45% females) aged 18–85 years who performed a cycle exercise test. We defined normal values for peak HR, HR
