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Ideella föreningar är en fundamental del av det svenska samhället. I hög grad tack vare en vidsträckt föreningsfrihet, har de ideella föreningarna blivit ett landsomfattande forum för människor att slutas samman för gemensamma syften. De genomsyrar hela samhällslivet – från politiken, till idrott, körsång och fackföreningar. Ideella föreningar påverkar i stort sett hela den svenska befolkningen. ÄNon-profit associations are a fundamental part of Swedish society. Largely due to an extensive freedom of association, Sweden has become a society where non-profit associations thrive. Is a nationwide forum for individuals to unite around common purposes. Non-profit organisations permeate all aspects of social life—from politics to sports, choral singing, and labor unions. They impact virtually th

Ett entreprenadavtal är ett avtal om uppförande eller ändring av ett byggnadsverk. Det saknas i princip direkt tillämpliga lagregler för entreprenadavtal, och för att reglera genomförandet av entreprenader har därför BKK, en ideell förening bestående av aktörer inom byggbranschen, utvecklat olika typer av standardavtal. Bland dessa är AB 04 ett av de mest frekvent tillämpade. I denna framställningA construction contract constitutes an agreement concerning the erection or modification of a building or structure. There is, in principle, a lack of directly applicable statutory provisions governing such contracts. In response to this regulatory gap, BKK, a non-profit organisation comprising stakeholders within the construction sector, has developed various standard contract forms to govern the

När ett entreprenadavtal som införlivat AB 04 hävs, omfattar hävningen endast de ”återstående arbetena”, eftersom de redan utförda arbetena inte kan återgå till entreprenören. Beställaren behåller i stället dessa arbeten, och entreprenören gottskrivs arbetenas värde med hänsyn till eventuella fel. Men vad gäller om fel senare konstateras i de utförda arbetena? AB 04 anger att en garanti- och ansvaWhen a construction contract incorporating AB 04 is terminated, the termination only covers the remaining works, since the work already performed can-not be reversed. The client retains the performed works, and the contractor is credited for their value, taking into account any defects. But what applies if defects are later discovered in the completed works? Since such defects were not considered

I Sverige kan en person vara obegränsat eller begränsat skattskyldig. Skatt-skyldigheten regleras i Inkomstskattelag (1999:1229) och avgör vilka in-komster som ska beskattas i Sverige. Av 3 kap. 8 § IL följer att en person som är obegränsat skattskyldig i Sverige ska betala skatt här för alla sina inkomster, oavsett om dessa härrör från Sverige eller utlandet. En person som är begränsat skattskyldIn Sweden, an individual may be subject to either unlimited or limited tax liability. Tax liability is governed by the Income Tax Act (1999:1229), which determines which types of income are taxable in Sweden. According to Chapter 3, Section 8 of the Income Tax Act, a person with unlimited tax liability in Sweden is liable to pay tax on all income, regardless of whether it originates in Sweden or a

This thesis examines whether computer code generated with the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) can qualify as a “work” under EU copyright law, and if so, who may be recognized as its author. As AI programming tools such as GitHub Copilot and Tabnine become more integrated into software development, they increasingly mediate the creative process—raising important legal questions concernin

Uppsatsen analyserar hur orsakssamband, bevisbörda och beviskrav bör utformas vid svensk implementering av artiklarna 10, 11 och 29 i direktivet om tillbörlig aktsamhet för företag i fråga om hållbarhet (CSDDD). Fokus ligger på miljöskador som uppstår när ett företag eller dess affärspartner underlåter att förebygga eller avsluta miljöskadlig verksamhet i verksamhetskedjan. Genom rättsdogmatisk ocThis thesis examines how causation, burden of proof, and evidentiary standards should be designed in the Swedish implementation of Articles 10, 11 and 29 in the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD). The analysis focuses on environmental harm arising from a company ́s, or its business partners ́ failure to prevent or mitigate environmentally harmful activates within the chain of

Denna analys undersöker gränsdragningen mellan konstnärlig yttrandefrihet och brott, utifrån exemplet olaga hot i gangsterrap. Analysen har även komparativa inslag utifrån tysk rätt. Genom att presentera tyska rättsfall och den rättsliga diskussion som börjat föras om den tyskspråkiga gangsterrappen ges ytterligare perspektiv och ett större rättsligt sammanhang. Analysen visar att det finns rättsThis analysis examines the right to freedom of artistic expression and its limits within Swedish law, using the example of unlawful threats in gangsta rap. This analysis also includes elements of a comparative method. By examining German law and judicial decisions, the aim is to place Swedish gangsta rap in a broader legal context. The analysis shows legal challenges related to gangsta rap – chal

This thesis explores the application of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for relative depth estimation from dense matches between images. The main goals were to investigate the feasibility of using dense matches alone for this task, assess the performance improvement offered by GNNs over classical methods, and identify the most suitable features. The methodology involved utilizing the matches from Den

Denna uppsats analyserar hur nationella domstolar inom EU bör hantera digi-tal bevisning som inhämtats i andra medlemsstater, med särskilt fokus på den kontroversiella EncroChat-operationen. Genom rättsdogmatisk och kompara-tiv metod granskas rättsutvecklingen i fem EU-länder – Sverige, Frankrike, Tyskland, Nederländerna och Belgien – för att belysa spänningen mellan det ömsesidiga erkännandets krThis thesis examines how national courts within the European Union should assess digital evidence obtained in other Member States, with a particular fo-cus on the controversial EncroChat operation. Using legal dogmatic and com-parative methods, the study explores developments in five EU jurisdictions – Sweden, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Belgium – to highlight the tension between the pri

The European Union’s identity as a normative power has long been examined and contested, most famously by Ian Manners' conceptualization in his 2002 work, Normative Power Europe. This study critically reassesses the EU's proposed identity through the lens of its responses to two pivotal crises: the Syrian conflict (2012-2015) and the 2016 EU-Türkiye Refugee Deal. The research interrogates

Recognition of the inevitable impacts all human production and consumption have on the environment and the well-being of the planet has gained increased prominence in global development agendas and debates. Whilst companies have conventionally assumed a peripheral role in such debates, and within global environmental governance, they are increasingly expected to partake in sustainability efforts.

The background of this bachelor thesis is that knowledge of Swedish national identity appears to have been lost and needs to be reawakened. The aim is to investigate whether there is something typically Swedish that has been passed down through generations and which needs to be rediscovered and reinforced for a more secure future in Sweden. To meet the aim of the analysis and guide the thesis, the

This paper explores how historical differences during colonization have shaped Indigenous political rights in Australia and New Zealand. Using postcolonialism and historical institutionalism as theoretical frameworks, the study compares the long-term impact of colonial policies, legal structures, and political recognition. New Zealand’s colonization involved a formal treaty–the Treaty of Waitangi–

This thesis explores whether leaders of the European Union adopt more masculine-coded symbols in their online self-representations during times of crisis. It focuses on the illustrative cases of Ursula von der Leyen and Charles Michel, analysing how their Instagram performances in the immediate aftermath of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 differed from their portrayals during a per

Why don't we learn about nutrition and cooking at school? Primary research and interviews conducted at a high school in Lund reveal that parents are the ones cooking (or ordering takeaways) at home, and that students have no understanding of how food is prepared in their school. At university, students are most commonly seen eating frozen meals and pasta for lunch. Yet Swedish students receive

Våldsutvecklingen i Sverige kan spåras till de förorts- och stadsdelsbaserade gängen och den organiserade brottsligheten i landet anses vara ett av samtidens största problem. För att inte skada grundläggande värden, som demokrati och rättssäkerhet, är det nödvändigt att motverka den organiserade brottsligheten. Oaktat hur brottslig en verksamhet är, saknas det förutsättningar enligt svensk gällandCausing the development of violence in Sweden, organized criminal organizations are considered being one of societies greatest problems. Fundamental values such as democracy and legal security are threatened by the organized crime. Requiring governmental actions to fight organized crime, SOU 2025:2, recommend a change in the Swedish constitution. RF 2 kap. 24§ 2 st. suggests having following formu

The European Union regularly portrays itself as a normative power committed to values such as human rights, solidarity, and the rule of law, while the EU Turkey Statement of 2016 has raised questions about the coherence between this self-image and the EU’s external migration practices. This thesis investigates how the Statement is linguistically legitimised in political and media discourse, as

En stad är aldrig färdig, genom byggda förändringar och omförhandlade relationer. Samtidigt är en stad alltid färdig genom nuet hos dem som bor i den. Detta projekt syftar till att undersöka denna paradox och hur medvetenheten om tid och förändring kan berika design. Det studerade området för projektet är Varvsstaden i Malmö. En plats som en gång i tiden var en del av ett av världens största skeA city is always in the process of becoming, through built changes and renegotiated relationships. At the same time, a city is always finished through the present of those who live in it. This project aims to investigate this paradox and how the awareness of time and change can enrich design. The studied area of the project is Varvsstaden in Malmö. A place which was once a part of one of the lar

This interview study explores how efforts to reduce the number of NEETs works and if there is a gap in the ideas of how these efforts work between NEETs and local authorities in Malmö. This study brings forth the voices of NEETs and representatives from local authorities that work with the group on a professional basis. The purpose of the study is two-folded. Primarily the purpose is to take this

With the brief of creating a solution for off-grid environments powered by solar cells, and the countless of solvable tasks existing in certain off-grid places I opted to looking at the highly populated areas of off-grid living and how the most basic needs are being met there. The meaning of off-grid is that a living space, house, or village, is self-sufficient. The living space isn’t connected to