Near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron - and impedance spectroscopy study of NiO - Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2-δ anode reduction using a novel dual-chamber spectroelectrochemical cell
This paper reports an experimental study, where the reduction of NiO-GDC to Ni-GDC is monitored using high temperature (HT) near ambient pressure (NAP) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in combination with simultaneous impedance spectroscopy (IS). The experiment is carried out using a dual chamber (DC)-HT-NAP-XPS cell designed for membrane electrode studies. The dual chamber measurement cell
