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Purpose: To achieve the high sensitivity of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), a time-consuming reading is necessary. However, synthetic mammography (SM) images, equivalent to digital mammography (DM), can be generated from DBT images. SM is faster to read and might be sufficient in many cases. We investigate using artificial intelligence (AI) to stratify examinations into reading of either SM or
This volume charts the history of transnational and transatlantic fascism in East Central and Southeastern Europe, a lesser-known phenomenon that occurred throughout the twentieth century into the present.Organizations and individuals in this part of the continent, under the influences of Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany, conceptualized their own forms of fascism in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s. Due
Purpose: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women, and digital mammography plays a key role in screening and early detection. The radiation dose on mammographic exams directly influences image quality and radiologists’ performance. We evaluate the impact of an image restoration pipeline—designed to simulate higher dose acquisitions—on the detectability of mic
Purpose: The purpose is to retrospectively investigate how the addition of prior and concurrent mammograms affects wide-angle digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) screening false-positive recall rates, malignancy scoring, and recall agreement. Approach: A total of 200 cases were selected from the Malmö Breast Tomosynthesis Screening Trial. They consist of 150 recalled cases [30 true positives (TPs),
AoIR special issue
Purpose: The purposes are to evaluate the change in mammographic density within individuals across screening rounds using automatic density software, to evaluate whether a change in breast density is associated with a future breast cancer diagnosis, and to provide insight into breast density evolution. Approach: Mammographic breast density was analyzed in women screened in Malmö, Sweden, between 2
Heroic narrations of Waffen-SS are encountered in several memory cultures, notleast among Cold War émigrés.1 One example of this is the Ukrainian communityin Canada, in particular the so-called third wave of Displaced Persons, refugeesfrom communist rule in Eastern Europe. It constitutes a community of memoryin many key respects at odds with the Canadian mainstream society. Whereas theHolocaust ocThe 14th Waffen-SS Division Galizien was set up in 1943 by Ukrainian volunteers, largely sympathetic to the more conservative Melnyk wing of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN(m)). Its members took a personal oath of allegiance to Adolf Hitler and served in a number of capacities on the eastern front. In addition to combat at the front, the unit partook in the crushing of the Slovak N
Water resources are under increasing pressure from population growth, climate change, and intensified human activity. Effective water management requires a clear understanding of both surface and subsurface hydrological systems, yet traditional monitoring methods often fall short in spatial and temporal coverage. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), a satellite-based remote sensing te
The transition to sustainable energy is crucial for modern society, and Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) offers a promising method for harvesting energy from salinity gradients. However, large-scale deployment of RED is constrained by efficiency limitations and the high cost of ion exchange membranes. This study focuses on the development of novel asymmetric cation exchange membranes (CEMs) based on
Synucleinopathies and tauopathies are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the pathological accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and tau proteins, respectively. These disorders are traditionally managed with symptomatic treatments without addressing the underlying pathologies. Recent advancements in passive immunotherapies, notably the FDA approval of the amyloid-beta (Aβ)-targeting antibod
Monitoring antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater influents (pre-treatment) and effluents (post-treatment) provides insights into community-level circulation, potential amplification during treatment, and risks associated with gene release into surface waters. Pollutants such as antibiotic residues and microplastics (MPs) may influence ARG dynamics, highlighting the need to assess the
For many years, fascism in East Central and Southeastern Europe remained an overlooked aspect of the history of transnational and transatlantic fascism. This introduction provides a background on how this came to pass and why we should rethink this assumption. The introduction explains how the heterogeneity of East Central and Southeastern European fascism alters the general understanding of Europ
Introduction: Tpeak-Tend interval (Tpe) is considered to be an ECG reflection of the dispersion of repolarization (DOR), and as such has been proposed as a predictor of arrhythmias. In ischemia, robustness of the Tpe-DOR relationship may suffer from variability of the myocardium at risk (MaR) area. In the present study, we evaluated the contribution of DOR and MaR to single‑lead and multi‑lead Tpe
Neuronal accumulation and spread of pathological α-synuclein (α-syn) fibrils are key events in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathophysiology. However, the neuronal mechanisms underlying the uptake of α-syn fibrils remain unclear. In this work, we identified FAM171A2 as a PD risk gene that affects α-syn aggregation. Overexpressing FAM171A2 promotes α-syn fibril endocytosis and exacerbates the spread and
Activation functions are fundamental components in neural networks, enabling non-linear transformations essential for tasks like signal processing, control systems, image analysis, economics, and robotics. They play a crucial role in facilitating processes such as noise reduction, segmentation, and decision-making across various applications. Splines offer an alternative approach to traditional ac
Introduction: Alcohol use has significant health implications, yet the association between alcohol use and respiratory symptoms remains relatively understudied. This study examines the prevalence of hazardous alcohol use and its associations with breathlessness, chronic cough, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and whether these associations with chronic airway limitation (CAL) differ by a
This article applies a conceptual framework based on multilevel theories of gender inequality to examine individual-level food insecurity (FI) outcomes in the League of Arab States (LAS). We conceptualize FI as an embodied waypoint on a discriminatory cycle incorporating material and cultural practices that function at macro-, situational-, and individual-levels. Using data drawn from the Gallup W
In this work we present SPL-BEV, a method to localize soccer players on a pitch from a monocular RGB camera. SPL-BEV features a network with few parameters that does not need to make any explicit object detection before localization is made. With SPL-BEV we show increased performance on the Spiideo SoccerNet SynLoc dataset compared to the best provided baseline result. The SPL-BEV system samples f
Aims: Stratifying renal damage in type 2 diabetes is challenging due to overlapping features between diabetic nephropathy (DN) and non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD). While miR-27b-3p modulates kidney fibrosis in DN through the lysine63 ubiquitination pathway, its upstream regulation and diagnostic relevance remain unclear. Methods: In a biopsy-verified cohort of 231 chronic kidney disease (CKD) pa
Laminins are basement membrane components that regulate a plethora of biological processes. Despite decades of research, the exact roles of laminins in different tissues and in organogenesis remain to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the function of laminin γ1 chain in heart, lung and other tissues by generating a mouse that lacks laminin γ1 in cells expressing SM22α (Tagln) (LMγ1 flox/SM22α C
