Aim: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a self-report instrument measuring patients’, family members’, and staff’s perceived support from light and color in the physical environment of an emergency department (ED)—the Light and Color Questionnaire (LCQ). Background: The physical care environment is an important part of a comprehensive caring approach in all levels of care not only f

Phenotypic evolution through deep time is slower than expected from microevolutionary rates. This is the paradox of stasis. Previous models suggest stasis occurs because populations track adaptive peaks that remain relatively stable on million-year intervals, raising the equally perplexing question of why these large changes are so rare. Here, we consider the possibility that peaks can move more r

Failing to communicate current knowledge limitations, that is, epistemic uncertainty, in environmental risk assessment (ERA) may have severe consequences for decision making. Bayesian networks (BNs) have gained popularity in ERA, primarily because they can combine variables from different models and integrate data and expert judgment. This paper highlights potential gaps in the treatment of uncert

Purpose: To describe the outcome of retinal detachment surgery in a population affected by rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in southern Sweden 2011–2013. Method: All primary retinal detachments that underwent surgery at the Skåne University Hospital were registered during the period of 2011–2013. Age, sex, lens status and the different surgical methods including type of tamponade were recor

With expanded HIV treatment and prevention programmes, most infants born to HIV-positive women are uninfected, but the patterns and determinants of their growth are not well described. This study aimed to assess growth patterns in a cohort of HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants who participated in an experimental HIV vaccine trial and to test for associations with maternal and infant factors, inc

current strategies of primary stroke and cardiovascular disease prevention are aimed at addressing the main risk factors primarily in patients with higher cardiovascular disease risk. Since the number of people with incident stroke and ischaemic heart disease cases is rapidly growing across all countries of the world, this preventive strategy appears to be not sufficiently effective. World Stroke

INTRODUCTION: Renal ETK/BMX activity is reduced in preeclampsia. Systemic RAS has been studied in preeclampsia; the renal RAS has not. None of the proteins in either pathway have previously been located in renal tissue from human pregnancy.OBJECTIVES: To determine renal expression and distribution of proteins involved in the ETK/BMX and RAS pathways in normal and preeclamptic pregnancy.METHODS: Li

INTRODUCTION: Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF's) are essential to angiogenesis and play a central role in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Specifically, antagonists of VEGFR2 cause a preeclampsia-like syndrome, in humans and rats[1]. ETK/BMX is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) which induces VEGF expression and forms a complex with VEGFR2, whereby VEGF and TNF can induce a reciprocal

Fluid anomalies were often considered as possible precursors before earthquakes. However, fluid properties at the surface can change for a variety of reasons, including environmental changes near the surface, the response of the superficial fluid system to loads associated with the mechanical nucleation of earthquake fractures, or as a result of transients in fluid flow from the depths. A key prob

BACKGROUND: Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) predicts the risk of vocal cord palsy (VCP). IONM can be used to adapt the surgical strategy in order to prevent bilateral VCP and associated morbidity. Controversial results have been reported in the literature for the effect of IONM on rates of VCP, and large multicentre studies are required for elucidation

The characterization of exoplanets and their birth protoplanetary disks has enormously advanced in the last decade. Benefitting from that, our global understanding of the planet formation processes has been substantially improved. In this review, we first summarize the cutting-edge states of the exoplanet and disk observations. We further present a comprehensive panoptic view of modern core accret

The Analog to Digital (A/D) Converters (ADC) are vital components in high-performance radio devices. In the receiver end, the signal received by the analog front-end can not be directly analyzed by the digital core, thus requiring high-performance ADC circuits acting as bridges connecting the analog and digital domain. These circuits are integrated into Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMO

Ecosystem models commonly use stable‐state assumptions to predict responses of soil microbial functions to environmental change. However, past climatic conditions can shape microbial functional responses resulting in a ‘legacy effect’. For instance, exposure to drier conditions in the field may shape how soil microbial communities respond to subsequent drought and drying and rewetting (DRW) event

This paper presents a 10-bit SAR ADC with a sampling rate of 200 MS/s. To reduce area and power consumption, the ADC adopts a split-capacitor DAC, where the gain error is estimated and subsequently removed by means of a PRBS signal injected into the DAC and detected at the ADC output. The ADC has been designed and fabricated in a 22nm FD-SOI CMOS process, and achieves an SNDR of 48.7 dB and an SFD

This paper analyzes the bit conversion errors in high speed SAR ADCs and proposes a design method to minimize their impact on the ADC performance. By removing the SR latch from the output stage of the differential comparator, while using only one comparator output to generate the differential signals for the internal capacitive DAC, sparkle-code errors are avoided, and conversion errors from a pre