The apparition of adaptive immunity in Gnathostomata correlates with the expansion of the E-protein family to encompass E2-2, HEB, and E2A. Within the family, E2-2 and HEB are more closely evolutionarily related but their concerted action in hematopoiesis remains to be explored. Here we show that the combined disruption of E2-2 and HEB results in failure to express the early lymphoid program in Co

Purpose: To assess the effect on reducing the out-of-plane artifacts from metal objects in breast tomosynthesis (BT)using a novel artifact-reducing reconstruction algorithm in specimen radiography. Methods and Materials: The study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board. BT images of 18 partial- and whole mastectomy specimens from women with breast cancer were acquired before and after a

The vaginal microbiome of healthy women is a diverse and dynamic system of various microorganisms. Any sudden change in microbe composition can increase the vaginal pH and thus lead to vaginal infections, conditions that affect a large percentage of women each year. The most common fungal strains involved in infections belong to the yeast species Candida albicans. The main virulence factor of C. a

We examined the relationships between amyloid-β PET and concurrent and longitudinal cognitive performance in 107 cognitively normal individuals with subjective cognitive decline (age: 64 ± 8 years, 44% female, Mini-Mental State Examination score 29 ± 1). All underwent 90-minute dynamic [ 18 F]florbetapir PET scanning and longitudinal neuropsychological tests with a mean follow-up of 3.4 ± 3.0 ye

Do I cause global warming, climate change and their related harms when I go for a leisure drive with my gas-guzzling car? The current verdict seems to be that I do not; the emissions produced by my drive are much too insignificant to make a difference for the occurrence of global warming and its related harms. I argue that our verdict on this issue depends on what we mean by ‘causation’. If we for

In the European Union (EU), there are a large number of mandatory and voluntary policies applied to improve the environmental life cycle impacts of products. Policies are enacted at both the EU level and among the EU member states, and there is a need to develop a better coordination between the various policies. This contribution outlines the various policies and examines various conceptual appro

Recent literature mainly examines the causal relationship between the insurance market and economic activity, while agreeing on presence of cointegration. The bulk of this evidence relies on Pedroni’s (Econom Theory 20(03):597–625, 2004) very popular residual-based panel cointegration test. However, this test not only requires that the number of time periods is large, but also that it is large rel

Drying of paper during 2000–2018 is reviewed. The review includes new drying processes, multi-cylinder dryers, tissue and impingement drying, TAD-drying, infrared drying and energy use for drying of paper. It includes general aspects of infrared dryers but not drying of coated papers. Paper quality aspects, paper shrinkage and paper isotherms are not included. Impingement drying has been the most

A growing body of literature sheds light on occupational therapy (OT) interventions and outcomes in adult mental health. Although this research has not developed to the point where a systematic review is warranted, a synthesis of these findings is needed. This article provides an overview of OT interventions in adult mental health and their documented outcomes. Fifty peer-reviewed intervention stu

The neurotoxin β-N-methylamino-L-alanine replaces L-serine in proteins and produces Alzheimer-like pathology. In proteoglycans, e.g. glypican-1, this should preclude substitution with heparan sulfate chains. Reduced release of heparan sulfate should increase β-secretase activity and processing of amyloid precursor protein. Cultured cells were treated with β-N-methylamino-L-alanine during the growt

Fibrillar macromolecules are long, linear structures that have helical symmetry. A technique called X-ray fiber diffraction (XRFD) is often used to help solve the three-dimensional structure of fibrillar macromolecules. Models of fibrillar structure, built de novo, using homologs or using experimental data derived from other methods should be compared to this experimental XRFD data to test and ref

In living organisms, respiration is a biological process degrading different carbon substrates, consuming O2, and releasing the carbon as CO2. Plants have several alternative enzymes that are involved in the respiratory processes, as compared to animals. These alternative respiratory enzymes allow electrons to be transferred to oxygen in the mitochondrial inner membrane, but bypassing ATP synthesiIn living organisms, respiration is a biological process degrading different carbon substrates, consuming O2, and releasing the carbon as CO2. Plants have several alternative enzymes that are involved in the respiratory processes, as compared to animals. These alternative respiratory enzymes allow electrons to be transferred to oxygen in the mitochondrial inner membrane, but bypassing ATP synthesi

We start our presentation with a brief overview of the literature written about SF medical products in the social and cultural sciences. In September 2015, we broadly reviewed literature about the phenomenon of SF medical products, and identified research gaps regarding social, cultural and ethical aspects. Studies, presented below, are two pilot studies aimed to fill some of the gaps. In May 2018

We here reconstruct a glacial and climate history of arctic NW Siberia for the last 600 000 years, based on the stratigraphy and chronology of 35 studied river sections on the southern Taimyr Peninsula. From this stratigraphic mosaic we have identified four glacial events, marked by tills/glaciotectonics, which are intercalated with mainly marine sediments deposited in proglacial settings during We here reconstruct a glacial and climate history of arctic NW Siberia for the last ~600,000 years, based on the stratigraphy and chronology of 35 studied river sections on the southern Taimyr Peninsula. From this stratigraphic mosaic we have identified four glacial events, marked by tills/glaciotectonics, which are intercalated with mainly marine sediments deposited in proglacial settings during