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This paper combines density-based topology optimization (TO) with a “contact aware” shape optimization (SO) which combines the design freedom of TO with the precise boundary representation of SO. Using gradient based optimization, the objective is to design structures in frictionless contact, including the shape of the contacting surfaces. SO is performed on each contacting structure which defines
Vad innebär det för ett barn att växa upp som anhörig i en familj med minoritetsbakgrund? Genom en systemisk utvecklingspsykologisk och rättighetsbaserad analys belyses här både indirekta och direkta konsekvenser av socioekonomiska och strukturella ojämlikheter som hotar dessa barns förutsättningar till välbefinnande och en sund utveckling. Kapitlet lyfter fram hur barns identitet, psykiska hälsa
Judging an individual’s loyalty in security-sensitive roles is a high-stakes task, yet little is known about the extent and sources of variability in such judgments. This study examined how 58 participants with experience in personnel security assessment evaluated applicant profiles connected to five different countries. Each participant reviewed five protocols and judged whether the case containe
Biocatalysis has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable manufacturing, yet conventional modes are hindered by inherent limitations such as metabolic interference, mass transfer barriers, and instability. This study presented a novel platform using fragmented Gluconobacter oxydans, combining the autonomous cofactor regeneration of whole cells with the superior substrate accessibility of free enzym
A classical state-preparation device cannot generate states in relative superposition. We introduce classical models in which devices that are individually unable to generate states with relative superposition can be stochastically coordinated to simulate sets of quantum states. These models have natural operational interpretation in prepare-and-measure scenarios and they can account for many non-
Smart Firefighting is a concept that has emerged within the fire engineering and fire science disciplines in recent years. It can enable informed decision making and improved fire safety. However, its scope, definition, outcomes, and value to emergency management remain unclear. To investigate this, a scoping review and a bibliometric analysis were conducted, following the Preferred Reporting Item
Plant functional traits are fundamental to ecosystem dynamics and Earth system processes, but their global characterization is limited by available field surveys and trait measurements. Recent expansions in biodiversity data aggregation—including vegetation surveys, citizen science observations, and trait measurements—offer new opportunities to overcome these constraints. Here we demonstrate that
With the recent advances in graph neural networks, there is a rising number of studies on graph-based multi-label classification with the consideration of object dependencies within visual data. Nevertheless, graph representations can become indistinguishable due to the complex nature of label relationships. We propose a multi-label image classification framework based on graph transformer network
Medulloblastoma and glioblastoma are the most common malignant primary brain tumors in children and adults, respectively. Tumor-associated macrophages and microglia are key non-cancerous cell types in these tumors. These cells interact with CD24, a so called “don’t eat me signal” expressed on tumor cells, through Siglec-10, a receptor that contributes to immune evasion by promoting an immunosuppre
In today’s volatile and changing environment employment, innovation, and economic growth are basic characteristics of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to investigate the challenges and enablers of digitalization in SMEs. Expert responses provide numerical weights to 6 barriers and 5 alternatives using Super Decisions v3.2 software. The results sho
Given many recent advanced embedding models, selecting pre-trained word representation (ie, word embedding) models best fit for a specific downstream NLP task is non-trivial. In this paper, we propose a systematic approach to extracting, evaluating, and visualizing multiple sets of pre-trained word embed-dings to determine which embeddings should be used in a downstream task. First, for extraction
Biomassa har varit en central del av Sveriges strategi för att ersätta fossila bränslen de senaste decennierna. Samtidigt pekar flera studier på att efterfrågan på biomassa riskerar att bli större än den hållbara tillgången med en sådan strategi. Detta skapar betydande osäkerhet kring bioenergins framtida roll i energisystemet – både när det gäller var den kommer att behövas, hur konkurrensen med
BACKGROUND: Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) originating from inactivation of genes like BRCA1/BRCA2 is a targetable abnormality common in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive HER2-negative (ERpHER2n) breast cancer (BC), HRD prevalence and clinical impact are unclear.METHODS: We analyzed 502 ERpHER2n tumors from patients recruited via the population-rep
Background: This study investigated the moderating role of household disposable income and family type on the association between precarious employment (PE) and diagnosed mental disorders. Methods: This longitudinal study used register data from the Swedish Work, Illness, and Labour-market Participation (SWIP) cohort. The study population included all individuals aged 27–65 who were employed in 20
Performing a controlled glide of an Airbus A320 following an all-engine failure at cruising altitude is a highly demanding task for pilots. This study investigates whether judgement heuristics can enhance pilot performance in managing this scenario. While the existing ALL ENG FAIL Airbus procedure provides valid guidance, it offers disconnected navigational inputs to the pilots. This simulator-bas
Extracting financial Key Performance Indicators from annual reports is one of many manual tasks in the banking sector. This can be automated with Machine Learning techniques such as Question Answering, Named Entity Recognition, Entity Relation, Text-to-Sql, or Retrieval Augmented Generation. In this thesis, different models performances are evaluated when extracting KPIs from annual reports, both
This essay examines the film character Laura Palmer from the television series Twin Peaks and the feature film Fire Walk With Me. The purpose of this essay is to discuss how the character Laura Palmer differs between the series and the film. How does she change from being an object to a subject, and how do we see a change between the series and the film? This is done in dialogue with Laura Mulvey&
Background: Despite robust evidence that genetic factors substantially influence both osteoporosis development and fracture risk, current screening guidelines fail to incorporate genetic factors into risk-assessment protocols. This study aims to determine personalized screening ages for osteoporosis based on polygenic risk score (PRS). Methods: This prospective cohort study utilized data from 223,
Pretrained language models are integral part of AI applications, but their high computational cost for training limits accessibility. Initiatives such as Bloom and StarCoder aim to democratize access to pretrained models for collaborative community development. Despite these efforts, such models encounter challenges such as limited multilingual capabilities, risks of catastrophic forgetting during
