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The present study aimed at comparing two renal function tests using 99mTc-DTPA (diethylene triamine penta acetic acid) and 131I-labeled hippuran (o-hippuric acid). A mixture of 80 Mbq 99mTc-DTPA and 7.4 MBq 131I-hippuran in a total volume of 1.5 ml or less was injected into an arm-vein. Both radiopharmaceuticals have identical intitial distributions in the blood pool when injected in this manner.
This work presents an analysis of the observed trends in extreme precipitation events in the Paraná River basin (PRB) from 1977 to 2016 (40 yr) based on daily records from 853 stations. The Mann–Kendall test and inverse-distance-weighted interpolation were applied to annual and seasonal precipitation and also for four extreme precipitation indices. The results show that the negative trends (signif
We describe the process behind a large international research project using a case study approach. We discuss how the basic idea behind the project was developed, as well as the planning and implementation of the field study, including a number of challenges that we faced during the data collection and data analysis phases. We discuss how using an initial conceptual model, the extensive qualitativ
In May 2018, the Swedish Academy was engulfed in a #MeToo scandal that threatened its reputation, especially its reputation as the organization that awards the Nobel Prize in Literature. This scandal, which was first revealed in the previous November, also raised questions about the reputation of the Nobel Prize. The case is about reputation and crisis management, and more specifically about “repu
The S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases attach a methyl group to the deprotonated methyl lysine (Kme0) using SAM as a donor. An intriguing, yet unanswered, question is how the deprotonation of the methyl lysine takes place which results in a lone pair of electrons at the Nϵ atom of the methyl lysine for the following methyl transfer. PRDM9, one of the few methyltransferases
A classroom guide to teaching the case, “The Swedish Academy #MeToo Scandal and the Reputation of the Nobel Prize” (HBS No. 5-919-410). A fictional case protagonist must present his evaluation to the Nobel Foundation of the scandal affecting one of the Nobel independent network members and its implications for the Foundation. Key issues include the reputational effects of the Swedish Academy scand
At its heart, this is a case about the reputation of an international symbol of achievement and about managing an iconic brand. The case provides insights into the nature of a prestigious “heritage brand” and its challenges and opportunities to remain relevant and differentiated in the 21st century. In “protecting and safeguarding the standing of the Nobel Prize” the executive board faced the para
At its heart, this is a case about the reputation of an international symbol of achievement and about managing an iconic brand. The case provides insights into the nature of a prestigious “heritage brand” and its challenges and opportunities to remain relevant and differentiated in the 21st century. In “protecting and safeguarding the standing of the Nobel Prize” the executive board faced the para
Registries will enable cohort studies to be performed, which are usually considered to be the best quality of observational studies. The quality of data of registries can be increased if is it possible to merge results ('crosstalk') between registries. A prerequisite for that is an agreed uniform core set of data to be collected and uniform definitions on the items to be collected. This paper disc
Red cell distribution width (RDW) has been suggested to have a predictive potential for several cardiovascular diseases, but its association with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is unknown. We examined whether RDW is associated with the risk of AAA among 27,260 individuals from the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study cohort. Data of baseline characteristics were collected during 1991–1996
The case describes the first year of efforts to introduce microfinance as a tool to work with vulnerable groups in Sweden, more particularly ex-convicts, former drug-addicts and long-term unemployed women of immigrant background. The teaching objective is to discuss whether micro-finance can be seen as a tool to catalyze social change in developed welfare states suc
Tissue turnover, especially in the skin, is altered in systemic sclerosis (SSc), leading to tissue accumulation. The objective was to examine type III, IV, and VI collagens turnovers in SSc and investigate longitudinal alterations in relation to modified Rodnan Skin Score (mRSS). We included patients fulfilling the 2013 ACR/EULAR criteria for SSc (limited cutaneous [lcSSc, n = 20], diffuse cutaneo
HIV-1 transmission patterns within and between populations at different risk of HIV-1 acquisition in Kenya are not well understood. We investigated HIV-1 transmission networks in men who have sex with men (MSM), injecting drug users (IDU), female sex workers (FSW) and heterosexuals (HET) in coastal Kenya. We used maximum-likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetics to analyse new (N = 163) and previously
Transport is frequently cited as one of the most expedient means by which humankind affects Earth's ecosystem. Indeed, as underscored by the Anthropocene proposition, transport-related impacts are significant to the point of resulting in alterations of the planet's geological structure. Rising awareness of such issues has led to increasing attention on the priority of achieving a radically decarbo
Diffusion is a reoccurring phenomena in many fields and is affected by the geometry in which it takes place. Here we investigate the effects of geometry on diffusion in a Brick and Mortar model system. The tortuous effects are evaluated based on generalized Fick's law, i.e. diffusion driven by differences in chemical potential. The presented formalism gives a general (semi-) exact analytic express
We present the macroscale three-dimensional numerical solution of anisotropic Biot's poroelasticity, with coefficients derived from a micromechanical analysis as prescribed by the asymptotic homogenisation technique. The system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is discretised by finite elements, exploiting a formal analogy with the fully coupled thermal displacement systems of PDEs implemen
Dispersal is a key process affecting population persistence and major factors affecting dispersal rates are the amounts, connectedness and properties of habitats in landscapes. We present new data on the butterfly Maniola jurtina in flower-rich and flower-poor habitats that demonstrates how movement and behaviour differ between sexes and habitat types, and how this effects consequent dispersal rat
An increasing demand for dairy products with long shelf-life is foreseen. A limiting factor for maintaining high quality of these products is the activity of spoilage enzymes during storage. Lipase and protease activities in Swedish raw milk at farm and dairy level were investigated, analysing milk samples from three geographical regions and two seasons. Lipase activity in milk at farm level was a
Brown macroalgae (Phaeophyta) hold high potential as feedstock for biorefineries due to high biomass productivity and carbohydrate content. They are, however, a challenging, unconventional feedstock for microbial refining and several processing problems need to be solved to make them a viable option. Pre-treatment is necessary to enhance accessibility and solubility of the biomass components but s
