BACKGROUND: While psychosocial theory claims that socioeconomic status (SES), acting through social comparisons, has an important influence on susceptibility to disease, materialistic theory says that socioeconomic position (SEP) and related access to material resources matter more. However, the relative role of SEP versus SES in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk has still not been

Den ständiga jakten på de allra senaste trenderna är en tidskrävande och intensiv aktivitet bland konsumenter som vill hålla sig uppdaterade inom det snabba modet. Fast fashion konsumtion ger möjligheter för konsumenter att hitta och prova nya trender, skapa de senaste klädkombinationerna, och leka med olika stilar. Att hänga med i tempot av nya trender är populärt bland fast fashion konsumenter, Consumers are dedicated and committed to figuring out ways and creating investigative activities to keep up with a fast-moving retail market. These ways and activities are in this study seen as learning activities, which focus on getting to know the marketplace. The context is the fast fashion marketplace in which offerings are desirable because of their limited availability. This temporary charac

Studies of societal exergy use have the common aim of tracing the flow of exergy along society, and are used to gain insights into the efficiency of energy use and linkages to economic growth. However, their methodological approaches vary greatly, with significant impacts on results. Therefore, we make a review of past studies to identify, synthesize and discuss methodological differences, to cont

Den rödgröna regeringen bör leva upp till tidigare löften om att erkänna folkmordet på armenier, assyrier och pontiska greker. Fler undersökningar är inget annat än en undanflykt, skriver doktoranden Vahagn Avedian och forskaren Svante Lundgren.

Personuppgifter som betalningsmedelDen här rapporten visar hur konsumenternas data kommit att få ett centralt värde i den digitala ekonomin. Förändringen väcker frågor om hur väl konsumentskyddet därmed står sig i förhållande till detta. Studien beskriver och analyserar de konsumentrelaterade utmaningar som den växande användningen av personuppgifter som en form av betalningsmedel medför. I studie

Katalys används vid 90% av all produktion av kemikalier och är därtill anledningen till att utsläppen av kolmonoxid och kväveoxider drastiskt har minskat i transportsektorn. En katalysator fungerar som en ”genväg” för en kemisk process, genom växelverkan mellan gasmolekyler och ytan av en katalysator kan den kemiska reaktionen ske till en lägre energikostnad. Detta innebär att sannolikheten att deThis thesis reports on in situ structural studies relevant to a catalytic surface during CO oxidation. The materials that have been studied are palladium, rhodium and an alloy of palladium and silver, with applications in emission cleaning by catalytic converters in vehicles. The studies are performed in situ allowing for observation of the gassurface interaction, which is essential when active ca

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the potential relation between the incidence of (alcoholic and non-alcoholic) acute pancreatitis (AP) and alcohol consumption in the general population, and whether the occurrence of AP shows any seasonal variation, particularly in relation to periods with expected increased alcohol consumption.Methods: All patients with first-time AP between 2003 and 2012 in a well-defi

The role of lymphadenectomy in the management of early endometrial cancer remains controversial. In the recent ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO guidelines, lymphadenectomy is recommended for patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma Grade 3 with deep myometrial invasion, but complete agreement was not achieved. In Sweden, DNA aneuploidy has been included as a high-risk factor. The aim of our study was to evaluate

We study the connections between firm risk and the CEO’s personal wealth characteristics, using a unique dataset on CEO wealth and its components. Consistent with decreasing absolute risk aversion, we find that wealthier CEOs are associated with higher risk firms. Riskier firms tend to have CEOs whose wealth is more independent of the firm. We also find that CEOs with high personal portfolio betasWe study the connections between firm risk and the CEO’s personal wealth characteristics, using a unique dataset on CEO wealth and its components. Consistent with decreasing absolute risk aversion, we find that wealthier CEOs are associated with higher risk firms. Riskier firms tend to have CEOs whose wealth is more independent of the firm. We also find that CEOs with high personal portfolio betas

Objective: To investigate whether the Multi-Biomarker Disease Activity (MBDA) score predicts optimal add-on treatment in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who were inadequate responders to MTX (MTX-IRs). Methods: We analyzed data from 157 MTX-IRs (with a Disease Activity Score using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate [DAS28-ESR] >3.2) from the Swedish Pharmacotherapy (SWEFOT) trial who

Background: An early report on the molecular subtyping of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) by gene expression suggested that response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) varies by subtype. Objective: To investigate the ability of molecular subtypes to predict pathological downstaging and survival after NAC. Design, setting, and participants: Whole transcriptome profiling was performed on pre-NA

Background: Patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) have increased risk of atrial arrhythmias. Hypothesis: A measure of atrial dispersion, the P-wave vector magnitude (Pvm), can identify patients at risk for perioperative atrial flutter (AFL) or intra-atrial re-entrant tachycardia (IART) in a large TOF cohort. Methods: We performed a blinded, retrospective analysis of 158 TOF patients undergoing p

The main goal of this paper is modelling attention while using it in efficient path planning of mobile robots. The key challenge in concurrently aiming these two goals is how to make an optimal, or near-optimal, decision in spite of time and processing power limitations, which inherently exist in a typical multi-sensor real-world robotic application. To efficiently recognise the environment under

Background Semaglutide is a novel glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue, suitable for once-weekly subcutaneous administration, in development for treatment of type 2 diabetes. We assessed the efficacy and safety of semaglutide versus the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin, thiazolidinediones, or both. Method

In this study, a new strategy for fault detection and isolation is presented. This strategy is based on the design of a Lüneburg observer which is implemented via pole placement using linear matrix inequalities. Two residuals are formulated based on the state estimation error in order to be utilized in detecting and isolating faults happened on the system. Fault detection problem solves by change