Objective: Two predominant phenotypic models of causality exist to explain the high co-occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD): the self-medication and susceptibility models. Population-based longitudinal studies that simultaneously examine both models are needed. Thus, the goal of the pres-ent study is to test these models using the Swedish National Regis

Background The authors sought to clarify the impact of spousal psychiatric disorders of differing severity [major depression or anxiety disorders (DAD) v. bipolar disorder or nonaffective psychosis (BPN)] on proband risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) during marriage. Methods In a Swedish cohort (N = 744 628), associations between spousal DAD and BPN and proband AUD were estimated with Cox proport

The research study focuses on the application of Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) to develop a collaborative user-centered approach within the context of organizational learning, and concludes with suggestions of further research. More specifically, it explores library users’ and academic librarians’ ideal characteristics for the library discovery and access services mediated through the Online Publ

Kommuner och regioner är tillförsäkrade självstyre under riksdagen och regeringen. Självstyrelsen manifesteras av den kommunala rösträtten och den kommunala beskattningsrätten. På en rad sakområden har riksdagen i lag ålagt kommunerna att göra samhällsinsatser, en del av dem finansierade av riksdagen. Kommunerna och regionerna har därmed den rättsliga ställningen som demokratins verkställande orga

It is widely known that nanoparticle seeded growth of III-V semiconductor nanowires often occurs via the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism. However, conventional growth of nanowires is carried out in closed systems, where mostof the details and dynamics of the growth are impossible to follow. Since all analysis is typically carried out after growth completion and transfer, only the trends in the produc

Several nanowire properties are strongly dependent on their diameter, which is notoriously difficult to control for III–Sb nanowires compared with other III–V nanowires. Herein environmental transmission electron microscopy is utilized to study the growth of Au nanoparticle seeded GaSb nanowires in situ. In this study, the real time changes to morphology and nanoparticle composition as a result of

Cryptophycins are naturally occurring cytotoxins with great potential for chemotherapy. Since targeted therapy provides new perspectives for treatment of cancer, new potent analogues of cytotoxic agents containing functional groups for conjugation to homing devices are required. We describe the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of three new unit B cryptophycin analogues. The O-methyl gro

Flavin-dependent halogenases are known to regioselectively introduce halide substituents into aromatic moieties, for example, the indole ring of tryptophan. The process requires halide salts and oxygen instead of molecular halogen in the chemical halogenation. However, the reduced cofactor flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH 2 ) has to be regenerated using a flavin reductase. Consequently, coupled

In this chapter, we analyze Finnish and Swedish economic history research on these countries’ common past (prior to 1809) and the early modern era (defined here as between 1500 and 1850). Using extensive bibliometric databases, we show that even when they focus on the early modern era, economic historians most often analyze Finland and Sweden in terms of their modern borders. Researchers based in

Flavin-dependent halogenases selectively introduce halogen substituents into (hetero-)aromatic substrates and require only molecular oxygen and halide salts for this regioselective oxidative CH-functionalization. Genomic analysis of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris B100 identified three novel putative members of this enzyme class. They were shown to introduce halogen substituents into, e. g.,

Avian Malaria infects thousands of species of birds across the Aves class. The most widespread (geographically and phylogenetically)morphological species is Plasmodium relictum, and of that, the mitochondrial lineage of SGS1 is the most common and invasive. It infects146 bird species, with large differences in infection outcome, from low intensity chronic disease to shorter, highly virulent infect