The quantum mechanical motion of electrons and nuclei in systems spatially confined to the molecular dimensions occurs on the sub-femtosecond to the femtosecond timescales respectively. Consequently, the study of ultrafast electronic and, in specific cases, nuclear dynamics requires the availability of light pulses with attosecond (asec) duration and of sufficient intensity to induce two-photon pr

The first chapter investigates the relationship between economic media sentiment and individuals’ expectations and perceptions about economic conditions. We test if economic media sentiment Granger-causes individuals’ expectations and opinions concerning economic conditions, controlling for macroeconomic variables. We develop a measure of economic media sentiment using a supervised machine learninThe first chapter investigates the relationship between economic media sentiment and individuals’ expectations and perceptions about economic conditions. We test if economic media sentiment Granger-causes individuals’ expectations and opinions concerning economic conditions, controlling for macroeconomic variables. We develop a measure of economic media sentiment using a supervised machine learnin

Utvecklingen mot mer komplicerade kommunala koncerner förändrar förutsättningarna för och ställer andra krav på kommunal koncernstyrning. Syftet med denna studie är att kartlägga dels hur de kommunala koncernerna i Skånes kommuner är strukturerade, dels hur den formella styrningen av dessa koncerner är utformad. Fokus är på andra organisationsformer i den kommunala koncernen än nämnds- och förvalt

Recent advancements in catchment hydrology (such as understanding catchment similarity, accessing new data sources, and refining methods for parameter constraints) make it possible to apply catchment models for ungauged basins over large domains. Here we present a cutting-edge case study applying catchment-modelling techniques with evaluation against river flow at the global scale for the first ti

We are reporting an efficient, label-free and continuous separation of mononuclear cells (MNC), from blood using microchip acoustophoresis. In standard PBS buffer, MNCs and red blood cells (RBC) display overlapping acoustophoretic mobilities which compromise separation of these cell types from each other. In this paper we capitalize on the fact that MNC and RBC display different acoustophysical pr

Att bli förälder är en stor livsomställning och föräldrars upplevelse av första tiden efter att barnet fötts påverkas bland annat av den information och förberedelse de får under graviditeten. Depression efter förlossningen drabbar cirka 10 % av alla föräldrar, något som även kan påverka anknytningen till barnet och därigenom barnets hälsa och utveckling. Tidigare forskning har visat att nyblivna Parents often feel inadequately prepared for challenges of early parenthood. This thesis aimed to develop an evidence-based programme for antenatal preparation for early parenthood and to test its feasibility. The Medical Research Council’s framework for development and evaluation of complex interventions was used to design the three studies.Interviews were conducted with first-time parents; 18 mo

Väntetider är viktiga indikatorer för graden av restidsoptimering och andra beteendemässiga aspekter bland kollektivtrafikresenärer. Såsom tidigare studier visar så är användningsgraden av avgångsinformation för avresa är en viktig faktor för att realisera potentialen i restidsminskningar genom att möjliggöra för resenärer att optimera sina väntetider. Huvuddelen av den empiriska forskningen hittiWaiting times are important indicators of the degree of travel time optimisation andother behavioural traits among public transport (PT) passengers. As previous studieshave shown, the level and usage of pre-trip information regarding schedule or realtime departures are important factors that infuence the potential to realise traveltime savings by enabling PT passengers to optimise waiting times. M

Imagination is a human capacity that reproduces and transforms experiences and thoughts. The capacity is manifested in children’s pretend play and is an important part of adults’ ability to process the past, and to plan the future. A first step in the development of imagination is the ability to represent objects and events and to change these representations into alternatives to reality. For adap

The study of biological mechanisms involved in human fetal brain development requires suitable models. To date, most findings have been acquired from animal models that fail to account for human-specific developmental traits. To counteract this limitation, a novel in vitro model is proposed where human pluripotent stem cells are differentiated into a coherent fetal brain tissue in a gradient formi

Recently, acoustophoresis has been used to fractionate white blood cells (WBC) into subpopulations, Grenvall et al. [1]. However, at a sample throughput of 8-10 μl/min the separation has limited bioanalytical application. In order to substantially increase throughput, we have redesigned and developed a new separation system that enables unmatched WBC separation performance at a volume throughput o

225Ac-PSMA-617 targeted-therapy has demonstrated efficacy in 75-85% of patients; however, responses are not durable. We aimed to establish translatable mouse models of disseminated prostate cancer (PCa) to evaluate effectiveness of 225Ac-PSMA-617 at various disease stages. Methods: C4-2, C4-2B, or 22Rv1 cells were injected into the left ventricle of male NSG mice. Disease progression was monitored

Purpose: Multidisciplinary team meetings (MDTMs) are an integral component of cancer care. Increasingly, virtual MDTMs are used to grant high-quality treatment recommendations across health-care regions, which expands and develops the local MDTM team to a regional or national expert network. We investigated health professionals’ experiences from national, virtual MDTMs for rare cancer with a focus

Experimental data on single file pedestrian movement has been analysed and implemented in a prototype movement model. The prototype model is developed to predict movement of persons based on a first principle approach using basic population data such as age, height, gender and response time to adapt the walking speed in a crowd. The experimental data provide the biomechanical information needed inExperimental data on single file pedestrian movement has been analysed andimplemented in a prototype movement model. The prototype model is developed topredict movement of persons based on a first principle approach using basic populationdata such as age, height, gender and response time to adapt the walking speed in a crowd.The experimental data provide the biomechanical information needed in the

Modern antenna design for communication systems revolves around two extremes: devices, where only a small region is dedicated to antenna design, and base stations, where design space is not shared with other components. Both imply different restrictions on what performance is realizable. In this paper a computationally efficient method for calculating the fundamental performance bound on spectral

Fetal neural progenitor grafts have been evaluated in preclinical animal models of spinal cord injury and Parkinson’s disease for decades, but the initial reliance on primary tissue as a cell source limited the scale of their clinical translatability. With the development of robust methods to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells to specific neural subtypes, cell replacement therapy holds ren

Cell-replacement therapies have long been an attractive prospect for treating Parkinson disease. However, the outcomes of fetal tissue-derived cell transplants in individuals with Parkinson disease have been variable, in part owing to the limitations of fetal tissue as a cell source, relating to its availability and the lack of possibility for standardization and to variation in methods. Advances

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common skin cancer with metastatic potential. To reduce reoperations due to nonradical excision, there is a need to develop a technique for identification of tumor margins preoperatively. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a novel imaging technology that combines the strengths of laser optics and ultrasound. Our aim was to determine the spectral signature o

Substituted oligoamides are short sequences of unnatural amino acids. Oligoamides made entirely of β3 amino acids yield helical monomers that, if N-acylated, assemble into nanorod structures via a supramolecular assembly motif. In this work, coordination crosslinking was used to create complex nanomaterials from oligoamides WKLWEL (KE) and WELWEL (EE) (the letters denote the analogous α-amino acid

Objectives: Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common in patients with dementia. In the elderly population, comorbidities frequently coexist with dementia and mortality in dementia is high. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of BPSD on mortality in severe dementia. Methods: This study of 11,448 individuals was based on linked information from the Swedish