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In this master’s project, a design tool for bolt fixed laminated glass was developed, based on linear-elastic finite element theory. The program produces images of the deflections and stress distributions in bolted glass panes. A two-dimensional triangular mesh, created by an external mesh generator, was extended to a three-dimensional mesh comprising 15-node wedge elements. A least-square method was
When building below ground level in cities the regulations regarding deformations of surrounding soil are very strict. When using conventional methods of calculation it is difficult to predict the occurring deformations. This is why it has become more common to use FE-modeling to determine deformations. With FE-modelling it is possible to take the interactions between soil and construction into co
Concrete hardens as a result of chemical reactions between water and cement. Cement is a hydraulic binder, in the reaction the cement binds water-molecules. This is an exoterm process, heat is produced during the reactions. How fast this process proceeds is much depending of the temperature. The amount of heat produced during the hardening of the concrete is also depending on the thickness of the
Det har blivit allt vanligare med direkthandel i stora enplansvaruhus, där kunder plockar sina varor direkt från pallställ. Dessa pallställ går ofta från golv till tak och är lastade med varor ända upp till taket. I taket förekommer ofta fackverksbalkar i stål som bär upp stomsystemet. Vid en eventuell brand i ett pallställ kan det bli stor lokal flampåverkan med snabb upphettning i delar av fackve
Below every building there is a different type of foundation work, it can comprise point carried piles or floating piles that pursues down the loads in the ground. A foundation work without piles could also be used, but big subsidence can arise in particular at bigger building constructions, it is however most important that the differentiate subsidence becomes too big. These subsidences can influ
Problem: How does collaboration between architects and engineers work? Which are the advantages and disadvantages in the collaboration? How can you make the cooperation better? Object: The purpose of this thesis is to make a connection between architect students and engineers, to find the differences between us and to try to collaborate. We wanted to know how difficult the cooperation could be, i
Glulam is almost exclusively the chosen material of timber frame structures. Of those, three-hinged (three-pin) portal frames are incomparably the most common type. Being both statically determinate and stable against horizontal forces in its own plane offer both practical (basic constructive details) and economical benefits. The design of the haunch allows for various solutions: it can be curved
A silo discharge with a bulk material consisting of iron ore pellets is studied. The silo is about 65 meters high and 38 meters wide. The quality of pellets decreases when they are exposed to high stresses while moving. The stresses are therefore not allowed to exceed a certain threshold. It must also be possible to trace the origin of a sample from the discharge. To fulfill these two demands the o
In this report the shear-capacity of adhesive glass-joints was investigated. A number of various adhesives were tested; glues and silicones. Tests were conducted with small specimens to evaluate the characteristics of the adhesives. With the results of the tests material models were evaluated in the finite element program Abaqus. Linear-elastic and hyper-elastic models were used. Large-scale tests
The polymer PTFE has become an important and widely used sealing material in the valve industry in recent years. It provides good strength and low friction, but it is sensitive to stress relaxation, i.e. loss of stiffness with time. This in turns may cause problems with leaking seals. The objective of this master’s dissertation is to perform a stress analysis of the PTFE sleeve used in an indust
Glulam arches can be used when designing structures with large spans such as halls or arenas. Wood has low density compared to steel and concrete which keeps down the dead weight of the structure. The cross section of glulam arches is often built up as a box-section for efficiency reasons. However, wood shows strongly orthotropic behavior where maximum allowed stress perpendicular to grain is only
Parallel computing is becoming more and more important in modern Finite Element Software. As problems grow larger, computation on a single processor may not be fast enough. To overcome this problem, one can utilize parallel programming using e.g SMP-machines or clusters. Furthermore, when local compute resources are scarce, it can be quite convenient to take advantage of non-local resources for pe
I dag finns ett flertal metoder för jordförstärkning i samband med grundläggning av vägar och hus. För förstärkning av kohesiva jordar är bland annat stenpelarmetoden användbar. Stenpelarförstärkning är en etablerad förstärkningsmetod i stora delar av världen. Metoden härstammar från Tyskland där vibrationsbaserad förstärkning utvecklades under 1930-talet. En stenpelare byggs upp genom att sten
In 1994 the Swedish Construction Code, BKR, was changed from being based on material to being based on function. This permitted constructing multi-storey buildings with a bearing framework made of wood, which had been prohibited since the end of the 19th century. There is now a growing in- terest of using wood as a construction material. In Växjö four seven-storey buildings, Limnologen, are under
Ökad industrialisering har inneburit stora effektivitetsvinster vid nybyggnation av flerbostadshus. Det finns dock ännu ingen metod för standardisering och industrialisering av grundläggningen, vilket gör den till en relativt kostsam och resurskrävande del av byggprocessen. Skanska har startat ett konceptbygge som kallas Moderna Hus. Syftet är att genom standardisering och industrialisering kapa
Following changes on a European level, there are plans to also in Sweden reduce the characteristic value of shear strength of glued-laminated timber. In Sweden, a decrease of approximately 30% from a characteristic value of 4.0 MPa (for glulam L40) to 2.5 or 3.0 MPa is planned. This would mean that wood would lose competitiveness against other construction materials such as steel and concrete. T
Today a dynamic analysis is often performed with the use of advanced finite element software. An advanced model normally produces precise results. Analyzing these large models of bridges is however time consuming and a detailed description of the geometry, supports and material properties must be known. In an early stage of a project a reduced model could significantly reduce the time needed to perf
This report is dealing with time dependent settlements calculated with numerical methods and subsequent comparisons with field measurements. The numerical computations in this report have been performed using Plaxis, a two-dimensional numerical program based on the finite element method. Plaxis is very practical for solving complex geotechnical problems involving settlements or slope stability.
The work presented in this thesis deals with investigation of methods to evaluate simultaneous moment and normal force capacity for symmetrical and unsymmetrical thin walled aluminium beams. The beams are supplied by Sapa Building System AB and is used in their glass facade system SFB 4150. The system is constructed in a way that makes it possible to make large glass facades. It is then of interes
Until recently, the general level of detail in full car crash models has not allowed a physical modeling of rubber bushings with solid elements. This is partly because of the difficulty in modeling the complex characteristic of rubber, but also due to limited understanding of the mechanical properties of rubber materials. The main focus of this Master’s thesis project is to develop a new and im
